This dataset comprises the experimental data that is discussed in the manuscript "What does the impurity variability at the microscale represent in ice cores? Insights from a conceptual approach" submitted to The Cryosphere. These data were collected using the cryo laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry setup at Ca’Foscari University of Venice. Each csv file contains the variation in the sodium intensity on the surface of the sample denoted before the underscore in each file's title. Files that end with 'profile' are 1D line profiles, while those that end with 'map' are 2D maps, with all measurements conducted with a 40 micron laser spot and therefore 40 micron resolution.

This dataset comprises the experimental data that is discussed in the manuscript "What does the impurity variability at the microscale represent in ice cores? Insights from a conceptual approach" submitted to The Cryosphere. These data were collected using the cryo laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry setup at Ca’Foscari University of Venice. Each csv file contains the variation in the sodium intensity on the surface of the sample denoted before the underscore in each file's title. Files that end with 'profile' are 1D line profiles, while those that end with 'map' are 2D maps, with all measurements conducted with a 40 micron laser spot and therefore 40 micron resolution.

Dielectric Profiling (DEP) of the East GReenland Ice core Project (EGRIP) core were recorded in the field during the 2022 and 2023 field seasons with the DEP device described by Wilhelms et al. (1998). The permittivity and conductivity of DEP data are calculated by their respective densities and conductivities (Wilhelms, 2005). The resolution of DEP data is 5 mm depth intervals. The DEP was not processed at a consistent temperature due to the varying temperature in the field seasons. For more information on the calibration procedure see Mojtabavi et al, 2020.

Fabric Analyser (G50, Russell-Head Instruments) image data from vertical thin sections from the EGRIP ice core were processed with the software cAxes (version 21.06.21 slim), using manually prepared mask images (background.bmp) to exclude image artefacts from the sample margins, to obtain segmented grain data and crystal-preferred orientation data. 1152 sections from 225 bags were measured in the field camp at EGRIP, Greenland, during field seasons 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, and 2023. A bag refers to an ice core segment of 55 cm length which is typically cut into six pieces of 9 cm length from which thin sections are prepared using a manual sledge microtome. The majority of bags are continuously sampled with up to six adjacent samples with a bag interval of approx. 10 +- 6 m. Up to three parallel and/or orthogonal vertical sections were prepared only from ice core volume samples (75% of ice core from bottom of approx. every 200th bag, corresponding to depth of 6th sample in bag). Data are not available between 2121 and 2417 m. The results from the image processing include a table listing samples, ice core depth and per-section statistical parameters on grains (number, mean grain size) and c-axis orientation (grain- and area-weighted second-order orientation tensor eigenvalues, woodcock parameter). For each sample attached data files provide additional info on grains in a section (*grains.txt), measurement, processing parameters and further statistical c-axis orientation parameters (*results.txt) and a false-color image of the section showing microstructure and per-grain c-axis orientation via a colorcode (*rgb.png). Sample files are named according to the convention EGRIP_-_.

Fabric Analyser (G50, Russell-Head Instruments) image data from horizontal thin sections from the EGRIP ice core were processed with the software cAxes (version 21.06.21 slim), using manually prepared mask images (background.bmp) to exclude image artefacts from the sample margins, to obtain segmented grain data and crystal-preferred orientation data. 66 sections from 18 bags were measured in the field camp at EGRIP, Greenland, during field seasons 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, and 2023. A bag refers to an ice core segment of 55 cm length which is typically cut into six pieces of 9 cm length from which thin sections are prepared using a manual sledge microtome. Horizonal sections were prepared only from ice core volume samples (75% of ice core from bottom of approx. every 200th bag, corresponding to depth of 6th sample in bag). Data are not available between 2121 and 2417 m. The results from the image processing include a table listing samples, ice core depth and per-section statistical parameters on grains (number, mean grain size) and c-axis orientation (grain- and area-weighted second-order orientation tensor eigenvalues, woodcock parameter). For each sample attached data files provide additional info on grains in a section (*grains.txt), measurement, processing parameters and further statistical c-axis orientation parameters (*results.txt) and a false-color image of the section showing microstructure and per-grain c-axis orientation via a colorcode (*rgb.png). Sample files are named according to the convention EGRIP_-_.

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Polarisation microscopy image data from vertical thin sections from the EGRIP ice core were acquired with a Fabric Analyser (G50, Russell-Head Instruments). 1152 sections from 225 bags were measured in the field camp at EGRIP, Greenland, during field seasons 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, and 2023. A bag refers to an ice core segment of 55 cm length which is typically cut into six pieces of 9 cm length from which thin sections (approx. 250-300 µm thick, max. 7x9 cm²) are prepared using a manual sledge microtome. The majority of bags are continuously sampled with up to six adjacent samples with a bag interval of approx. 10 +- 6 m. Up to three parallel and/or orthogonal vertical sections were prepared only from ice core volume samples (75% of ice core from bottom of approx. every 200th bag, corresponding to depth of 6th sample in bag). Sample folders are named according to the convention EGRIP_-_. Data are not available between 2121 and 2417 m.Each section folders contains a manually prepared mask image (background.bmp) in preparation for image processing to exclude image artefacts from the sample margins. The resolution of the image data is 500 px/cm. Quality images are provided by the instrument as well as images showing crystal c-axis orientation per pixel. The binary file (data.cis) contains all relevant information to evaluate the section with regard to the crystal-preferred orientation (CPO) of the ice thin sections.

Polarisation microscopy image data from horizontal thin sections from the EGRIP ice core were acquired with a Fabric Analyser (G50, Russell-Head Instruments). 66 sections from 18 bags were measured in the field camp at EGRIP, Greenland, during field seasons 2017, 2018, 2019, 2022, and 2023.A bag refers to an ice core segment of 55 cm length which is typically cut into six pieces of 9 cm length from which thin sections (approx. 250-300 µm thick, max. 7x9 cm²) are prepared using a manual sledge microtome. Horizontal sections were prepared only from ice core volume samples (75% of ice core from bottom of approx. every 200th bag, corresponding to depth of 6th sample in bag). Sample folders are named according to the convention EGRIP_-_. Data are not available between 2121 and 2417 m.Each section folders contains a manually prepared mask image (background.bmp) in preparation for image processing to exclude image artefacts from the sample margins. The resolution of the image data is 500 px/cm. Quality images are provided by the instrument as well as images showing crystal c-axis orientation per pixel. The binary file (data.cis) contains all relevant information to evaluate the section with regard to the crystal-preferred orientation (CPO) of the ice thin sections.

Data from the YouTube channel "Wissenschaft fürs Wohnzimmer"