In this study, baseline demographics , clinical and pathology data were collected for all patients during renal biopsies, including age, gender, mean arterial pressure (MAP) defined as diastolic pressure plus one-third of the pulse pressure, 24-hour protein excretion and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) Collaboration equation. Regardless of the duration and dose, the type of immunosuppression or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockades therapy that the patient received was recorded. Immunosuppression was defined as treatment with corticosteroids and/or corticosteroid-sparing agents (including cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate, cyclosporine or tacrolimus). RAAS blockades included any exposure to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and/or angiotensin receptor blocker after biopsy. The updated Oxford Classification(MEST-C) for IgAN was applied in this study[5]. Renal biopsy samples from all patients were examined by pathologist and nephrologist. The crescent is subdivided according to the volume, composition and proportion of the crescent. The volume of the crescent body is defined as the large crescent body accounting for 50% or more of the renal sac volume and the small crescent body accounting for 50% or less of the renal sac volume. The components of crescent body can be divided into cellular crescent, cellular fibrous crescent and fibrous crescent. The cellular crescent consists of > 75% cells and < 25% fibrous matrix. The fibrous cellular crescent consists of 25%-75% of the cells and the remaining fibrous matrix. Extracapillary fibrosis of fibrous crescents consists of > 75% matrix and < 25% cells. The crescent ratio is defined as the proportion of the number of glomeruli with crescents in the total number of glomeruli, and the cell / fibrous cell / fibrous crescent is evaluated according to the relative ratio. ESRD was defined as eGFR<15 mL/min/1.73 m2 for more than 3 months or initiation of dialysis or transplantation. In this study, we defined clinical outcome: the combined event (Doubling of serum creatinine, 50% reduction in eGFR, 15% reduction in eGFR within 1 year, 30% reduction in eGFR within 2 year, ESRD or death ) after diagnostic kidney biopsy.

In this study, baseline demographics , clinical and pathology data were collected for all patients during renal biopsies, including age, gender, mean arterial pressure (MAP) defined as diastolic pressure plus one-third of the pulse pressure, 24-hour protein excretion and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated by the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) Collaboration equation. Regardless of the duration and dose, the type of immunosuppression or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockades therapy that the patient received was recorded. Immunosuppression was defined as treatment with corticosteroids and/or corticosteroid-sparing agents (including cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate, cyclosporine or tacrolimus). RAAS blockades included any exposure to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and/or angiotensin receptor blocker after biopsy. The updated Oxford Classification(MEST-C) for IgAN was applied in this study[5]. Renal biopsy samples from all patients were examined by pathologist and nephrologist. The crescent is subdivided according to the volume, composition and proportion of the crescent. The volume of the crescent body is defined as the large crescent body accounting for 50% or more of the renal sac volume and the small crescent body accounting for 50% or less of the renal sac volume. The components of crescent body can be divided into cellular crescent, cellular fibrous crescent and fibrous crescent. The cellular crescent consists of > 75% cells and < 25% fibrous matrix. The fibrous cellular crescent consists of 25%-75% of the cells and the remaining fibrous matrix. Extracapillary fibrosis of fibrous crescents consists of > 75% matrix and < 25% cells. The crescent ratio is defined as the proportion of the number of glomeruli with crescents in the total number of glomeruli, and the cell / fibrous cell / fibrous crescent is evaluated according to the relative ratio. ESRD was defined as eGFR<15 mL/min/1.73 m2 for more than 3 months or initiation of dialysis or transplantation. In this study, we defined clinical outcome: the combined event (Doubling of serum creatinine, 50% reduction in eGFR, 15% reduction in eGFR within 1 year, 30% reduction in eGFR within 2 year, ESRD or death ) after diagnostic kidney biopsy.

In this study, baselinedemographics , clinical and pathology data were collected for all patientsduring renal biopsies, including age, gender, mean arterial pressure (MAP)defined as diastolic pressure plus one-third of the pulse pressure, 24-hourprotein excretion and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) calculated bythe Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) Collaboration equation.Regardless of the duration and dose, the type of immunosuppression or renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockadestherapy that the patient received was recorded. Immunosuppressionwas defined as treatment with corticosteroids and/or corticosteroid-sparingagents (including cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate, cyclosporineor tacrolimus). RAAS blockades included any exposure to angiotensin-convertingenzyme inhibitor and/or angiotensin receptor blocker after biopsy. Theupdated Oxford Classification(MEST-C) for IgAN was applied in this study[5]. Renal biopsy samples from all patients were examinedby pathologist and nephrologist. The crescent is subdivided according to thevolume, composition and proportion of the crescent. The volume of the crescentbody is defined as the large crescent body accounting for 50% or more of therenal sac volume and the small crescent body accounting for 50% or less of therenal sac volume. The components of crescent body can be divided into cellularcrescent, cellular fibrous crescent and fibrous crescent. The cellular crescentconsists of > 75% cells and < 25% fibrous matrix. The fibrouscellular crescent consists of 25%-75% of the cells and the remainingfibrous matrix. Extracapillary fibrosis of fibrous crescents consists of >75% matrix and < 25% cells. The crescent ratio is defined as the proportionof the number of glomeruli with crescents in the total number of glomeruli, andthe cell / fibrous cell / fibrous crescent is evaluated according to therelative ratio. ESRD was defined as eGFR<15 mL/min/1.73 m2 for more than 3months or initiation of dialysis or transplantation. In this study, we defined clinical outcome: the combined event (Doubling ofserum creatinine, 50% reduction in eGFR, 15% reduction in eGFR within 1 year,30% reduction in eGFR within 2 year, ESRD or death ) after diagnostic kidney biopsy.

Additional file 2: Table S2. WHO standard insecticide resistance larvae bioassay from five Culex pipiens pallens populations in Shandong Province.

Additional file 3: Table S3. Multiple comparisons by Dunnettâ s T3 test.

Additional file 3: Table S3. Multiple comparisons by Dunnettâ s T3 test.

Additional file 2: Table S2. WHO standard insecticide resistance larvae bioassay from five Culex pipiens pallens populations in Shandong Province.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Mosquito sampling sites and times.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Mosquito sampling sites and times.

Additional file 1: Table S1. List of oligonucleotide primers.