The effect of denosumab on the risk of refracture and mortality in elderly Chinese patients following primary osteoporotic hip fracture surgery remains to be scarcely investigated. The objective of the study was to investigate the risks of refracture and mortality in elderly patients receiving denosumab . A retrospective observational study was conducted on elderly patients suffering from primary osteoporotic hip fractures between January 2020 and December 2021 in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. The patients were divided into two groups: denosumab group and control group. PSM and IPTW was performed to adjust between-group differences. In this study, 379 patients were observed over a period of three years. Following PSM, denosumab treatment had lower risk of refracture than patients without treatment (13.4% vs. 38.3%, subhazard ratio [SHR] = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.22–0.61, p < 0.0001). A lower mortality rate was observed in patients in the denosumab group compared to the control group within three years postoperatively (HR = 0.45, p = 0.001). In patients aged 65–84 years and those aged 85+ years, denosumab was significantly associated with lower risks of refracture and mortality when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Denosumab treatment had significantly lower risks of refracture and mortality than patients without treatment in the IPTW analysis (SHR = 0.32, p < 0.0001; HR = 0.41, p = 0.001, respectively). Patients who received treatment with denosumab following primary osteoporotic hip fracture surgery had lower risks of refracture and mortality than patients without treatment, thus underscoring the significance of expeditiously commencing antiosteoporosis treatment in elderly patients after surgery. Not applicable.

The effect of denosumab on the risk of refracture and mortality in elderly Chinese patients following primary osteoporotic hip fracture surgery remains to be scarcely investigated. The objective of the study was to investigate the risks of refracture and mortality in elderly patients receiving denosumab . A retrospective observational study was conducted on elderly patients suffering from primary osteoporotic hip fractures between January 2020 and December 2021 in Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University. The patients were divided into two groups: denosumab group and control group. PSM and IPTW was performed to adjust between-group differences. In this study, 379 patients were observed over a period of three years. Following PSM, denosumab treatment had lower risk of refracture than patients without treatment (13.4% vs. 38.3%, subhazard ratio [SHR] = 0.37, 95%CI = 0.22–0.61, p < 0.0001). A lower mortality rate was observed in patients in the denosumab group compared to the control group within three years postoperatively (HR = 0.45, p = 0.001). In patients aged 65–84 years and those aged 85+ years, denosumab was significantly associated with lower risks of refracture and mortality when compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Denosumab treatment had significantly lower risks of refracture and mortality than patients without treatment in the IPTW analysis (SHR = 0.32, p < 0.0001; HR = 0.41, p = 0.001, respectively). Patients who received treatment with denosumab following primary osteoporotic hip fracture surgery had lower risks of refracture and mortality than patients without treatment, thus underscoring the significance of expeditiously commencing antiosteoporosis treatment in elderly patients after surgery. Not applicable.

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

These data include electrochemical data, NMR spectra, and product detection quantitative analysis data in the main text.

These data include electrochemical data, NMR spectra, and product detection quantitative analysis data in the main text.

Xanthatin, a sesquiterpene lactone compound, isolated from Chinese herb, Xanthium strumarium L, has various activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-ulcer effects. However, it has been less studied in terms of its toxicity, especially the potential toxicity on heart. This study is mainly aimed to assess the cardiotoxicity of xanthatin in vivo using zebrafish larva and in vitro using cardiomyocytes H9C2. The cardiotoxicity in zebrafish was assessed by the pericardial edema, blood flow dynamics, SV-BA distance, and sub-intestinal vein. The apoptosis was determined by AO staining, the blood red cell reduction and distribution was detected by O-dianisidine staining, histopathological evaluations were detected by HE staining. The anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities in H9C2 cells were assessed by EdU staining and Hoechst 33342/PI double staining. The in vivo results showed that xanthatin caused cardiac malformations and dysfunctions, including decreased heart rate, reduced red blood cell count, hemodynamics, stroke volume, increased SV-BA distance and sub-intestinal vein congestion. Furthermore, apoptosis occurred in the heart of the zebrafish after xanthatin exposure. Additionally, cat, Mn-sod, chop, perk, and hspa5 related to oxidative stress and ERS also changed by xanthatin. Apoptotic genes caspase3 and caspase9 were also increased. Moreover, the in vitro results showed that xanthatin had proapoptotic and antiproliferative effects. To sum up, these results suggest that xanthatin has cardiotoxicity and the oxidative stress, ERS and apoptosis pathways are involved in the cardiotoxicity induced by xanthatin. This finding will be helpful for the better understanding of the potential cardiotoxicity of xanthatin and the underlying mechanism. Xanthatin caused a notably cardiotoxicity on zebrafish larvae in vivo.Xanthatin caused cardiac malformations and dysfunctions in zebrafish larvae.Xanthatin reduced red blood cells, cardiac output, and blood flow dynamics.Xanthatin altered mRNA expressions levels of genes related to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).Xanthatin possesses pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects in H9C2 cardiomyocytes in vitro. Xanthatin caused a notably cardiotoxicity on zebrafish larvae in vivo. Xanthatin caused cardiac malformations and dysfunctions in zebrafish larvae. Xanthatin reduced red blood cells, cardiac output, and blood flow dynamics. Xanthatin altered mRNA expressions levels of genes related to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Xanthatin possesses pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects in H9C2 cardiomyocytes in vitro.

Xanthatin, a sesquiterpene lactone compound, isolated from Chinese herb, Xanthium strumarium L, has various activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-ulcer effects. However, it has been less studied in terms of its toxicity, especially the potential toxicity on heart. This study is mainly aimed to assess the cardiotoxicity of xanthatin in vivo using zebrafish larva and in vitro using cardiomyocytes H9C2. The cardiotoxicity in zebrafish was assessed by the pericardial edema, blood flow dynamics, SV-BA distance, and sub-intestinal vein. The apoptosis was determined by AO staining, the blood red cell reduction and distribution was detected by O-dianisidine staining, histopathological evaluations were detected by HE staining. The anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activities in H9C2 cells were assessed by EdU staining and Hoechst 33342/PI double staining. The in vivo results showed that xanthatin caused cardiac malformations and dysfunctions, including decreased heart rate, reduced red blood cell count, hemodynamics, stroke volume, increased SV-BA distance and sub-intestinal vein congestion. Furthermore, apoptosis occurred in the heart of the zebrafish after xanthatin exposure. Additionally, cat, Mn-sod, chop, perk, and hspa5 related to oxidative stress and ERS also changed by xanthatin. Apoptotic genes caspase3 and caspase9 were also increased. Moreover, the in vitro results showed that xanthatin had proapoptotic and antiproliferative effects. To sum up, these results suggest that xanthatin has cardiotoxicity and the oxidative stress, ERS and apoptosis pathways are involved in the cardiotoxicity induced by xanthatin. This finding will be helpful for the better understanding of the potential cardiotoxicity of xanthatin and the underlying mechanism. Xanthatin caused a notably cardiotoxicity on zebrafish larvae in vivo.Xanthatin caused cardiac malformations and dysfunctions in zebrafish larvae.Xanthatin reduced red blood cells, cardiac output, and blood flow dynamics.Xanthatin altered mRNA expressions levels of genes related to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).Xanthatin possesses pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects in H9C2 cardiomyocytes in vitro. Xanthatin caused a notably cardiotoxicity on zebrafish larvae in vivo. Xanthatin caused cardiac malformations and dysfunctions in zebrafish larvae. Xanthatin reduced red blood cells, cardiac output, and blood flow dynamics. Xanthatin altered mRNA expressions levels of genes related to oxidative stress, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Xanthatin possesses pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects in H9C2 cardiomyocytes in vitro.

Raw imaging data and source data in the maniscript.

Raw imaging data and source data in the maniscript.

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.