Table S2. Reports of abnormal phenological event since 2015 in France from citizen science programs.

Tables S1a. Reports of abnormal phenological events since 2015 in traditional media and social media worldwide. Keywords used: in English: strange flowering/blooming, early flowering, in French: floraison précoce/atypique, in Spanish: floracion precoz/atipica.

Table S3. Phenological data reported since 1901 analyzed in Fig. 2. Data are from the citizen science programs Observatoire des Saisons (https:// obs-saisons.fr), Phenoclim (https://phenoclim.org/), Abiome (https://abiome.assoconnect.com/page/1005353-accueil), Orchisauvage (https://www.orchisauvage.fr/) and from the TEMPO portal (https://tempo.pheno.fr).

The dataset is analysed in the article entitled Living things are showing increasing anomalies in their seasonal activity, which could disrupt the dynamics of biodiversity and ecosystems. The IPCC reported that the 2011-2020 decade has been the warmest on record worldwide. The frequency of climate extremes has increased and the future rates of warming will be well above historical averages. Climate warming has already modified species seasonal activity with cascading effects on species interactions, geographical ranges, ecosystems productivity and feedback to the atmosphere. However, we lack information on how the new climate regime will translate in terms of impacts for human populations and ecosystems. Here we report on abnormal seasonal activities of plants and animals, which took place in Europe and other countries worldwide since 2015. We show that they are unpreceded, related to warmer fall and winter as well as drier summer conditions. These anomalies are projected to increase in frequency in a near future and might have dramatic consequences for biodiversity dynamics, ecosystems functioning and human activities.

Table S1b. Sources associated to each report in Table S1a.

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AgroMetInfo 2.0 est une application web permettant de visualiser en temps réel l'évolution d'indicateurs agroclimatiques sur l'ensemble de la France sur les petites régions agricoles.

This dataset is part of the COMPROMISE project funded by the MetaProgram Adaptation of Agriculture and Forest to Climate Change (AAFCC) of the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food & Environment (INRAE). The dataset contains agro-climatic indicators computed in three regions using (i) the SAFRAN reanalysis data and (ii) the climate coupled model IPSL-CM6A-LR developped at the Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, with (and without) bias correction methods: one univariate correction (CDF-t) and two multivariate bias correction methods (R2D2 and dOTC). The agroclimatic indicators are: phenological stages (PHENO), reference evapo-transpiration (ET0), soil water balance (WB), and forest weather index (FWI). All details regarding the models, methods, indicators and bias correction methods are presented in full detail in the technical report: D. Allard, B. François, I. Garcia de Cortazar-Atauri and M. Vrac (2024) "Multivariate bias corrections of climate simulations seen through impact models: results of the COMPROMISE project" available at https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-04227826.

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