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Aims: Microglia-driven neuroinflammation can play an important role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we sought to characterize the distribution of microglial cell activation in 2 neurodegenerative dementias with distinct protein signatures, Alzheimer disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) of the TDP subtype, and to determine if there was an anatomical correlation with the phenotypes most commonly associated with these conditions. Methods: The distribution and extent of microglial cell activation was assessed semiquantitatively in the hippocampal formation, cortical gray matter, and subcortical white matter of CD68-immunostained sections of the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices from 15 pathologically confirmed cases of AD, 13 cases of FTLD, and 18 controls. Results: Significantly higher levels of microglial cell activation occurred in the subiculum in AD and FTLD than in controls. Additionally, AD had higher microglial activation in the CA1 and FTLD in the hippocampal white matter than the controls. Microglial activation was greater in the dentate gyrus molecular layer in AD than in FTLD. In the cortical regions, the 2 pathological groups differed only in frontal white matter, with the FTLD group showing higher microglial scores. FTLD showed higher microglial activation in the white matter compared to the respective gray matter in the entorhinal, temporal, and frontal regions. Conclusions: Our work expands the knowledge of the distribution and magnitude of microglial activation in these disorders. Additionally, we found some microglial circuit-specific patterns that could help to explain some of the clinical overlap between AD and FTLD-TDP, namely in memory deficits.

Aims: Microglia-driven neuroinflammation can play an important role in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative disorders. In this study, we sought to characterize the distribution of microglial cell activation in 2 neurodegenerative dementias with distinct protein signatures, Alzheimer disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) of the TDP subtype, and to determine if there was an anatomical correlation with the phenotypes most commonly associated with these conditions. Methods: The distribution and extent of microglial cell activation was assessed semiquantitatively in the hippocampal formation, cortical gray matter, and subcortical white matter of CD68-immunostained sections of the frontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortices from 15 pathologically confirmed cases of AD, 13 cases of FTLD, and 18 controls. Results: Significantly higher levels of microglial cell activation occurred in the subiculum in AD and FTLD than in controls. Additionally, AD had higher microglial activation in the CA1 and FTLD in the hippocampal white matter than the controls. Microglial activation was greater in the dentate gyrus molecular layer in AD than in FTLD. In the cortical regions, the 2 pathological groups differed only in frontal white matter, with the FTLD group showing higher microglial scores. FTLD showed higher microglial activation in the white matter compared to the respective gray matter in the entorhinal, temporal, and frontal regions. Conclusions: Our work expands the knowledge of the distribution and magnitude of microglial activation in these disorders. Additionally, we found some microglial circuit-specific patterns that could help to explain some of the clinical overlap between AD and FTLD-TDP, namely in memory deficits.

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This is a mixed-methods data collection. Researchers at Cardiff University, and the Business School, University of Plymouth, were funded by the ESRC from 2007-2011 to carry out a four-year study of Workplace Bullying and Harassment in Britain with Special Reference to Race and Ethnicity. This mixed-methods project comprised a large, representative survey and several in-depth organisational case studies. <br> <br> The quantitative element, the <i>British Workplace Behaviour Survey, 2007-2008</i> (BWBS), is the most comprehensive survey of ill-treatment in the workplace so far undertaken in Britain. It collected detailed information on the incidence and correlates of unreasonable treatment, denigration and disrespect, and violence and injury in the workplace. A central element of the questionnaire used in the BWBS was a revised version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ) (Einarsen and Raknes, 1997) which asks about experience of 21 different types of ill-treatment. Interviews were carried out with a representative sample of British employees (and people who had been employees in the last two years). This provided information on workplaces and employees required for modelling the causes and correlates of ill-treatment, including behaviour which could be perceived as bullying and harassment. The achieved sample of 3,494 included a non-white/non-Christian boost. TNS BMRB were contracted to conduct the survey. (The Department for Business, Innovation and Skills later adopted the same methodology for their 2008/09 <i>Fair Treatment at Work Survey</i> (FTWS), held at the UK Data Archive under SN 6382.) <br> <br> In the qualitative phase, four organisational case studies, each comprising approximately 20 interviews with employees, were carried out in order to further illuminate the quantitative data provided by the BWBS. The participating organisations were an NHS trust, a logistics and communication organisation, a financial services company and an engineering company. These organisations were selected because they employed Human Resources professionals and had worker representation, contained workplaces of sufficient size and sufficient numbers of employees of various kinds, for example black and minority ethnic (BME) employees and those with disabilities or health problems. As well as the full case studies, the data collection includes a small number of interviews in a third sector organisation, producing 88 interviews in total.<br> <br> Further information may be found on the ESRC <a href="http://www.esrc.ac.uk/my-esrc/grants/RES-062-23-0312/read/reports" title="Workplace Bullying and Harassment in Britain with Special Reference to Race and Ethnicity">Workplace Bullying and Harassment in Britain with Special Reference to Race and Ethnicity</a> award webpage.<br> <br> For the second edition (April 2014), the qualitative interview transcripts have been added to the data collection.<br> <br>

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.

Includes: A. & J. Robinson, letter, 1935.10, Kweiyang Kwei, China, to "praying friends"; C.R. Wilson letter, 1935.12.14, Berlin, New Jersey, USA, to V.W. Peters; Margaret Hess, picture postcard, 1935.12.31, Korea, to V.W. Peters, Songdo, Korea.

An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available from the CCDC and typically includes 3D coordinates, cell parameters, space group, experimental conditions and quality measures.