We compiled a dataset of 103 quantitative hummingbird-plant interaction networks distributed from Mexico to Southern Brazil, comprising 176 hummingbird and 1180 plant species.Here, we provide the raw network data for the 36 urban area networks that was compiled for this study, as well as network indices, climate and community predictors used in the manuscript. We also provide the R script for the analyses conducted in our manuscript.Urban networks were characterized by the presence of built structures associated with denser human settlements, and needed to: (1) include all flowering plants (native and non-native) known to be visited (or potentially visited) by hummingbirds in the study area, (2) sampling should cover at least one annual cycle (all seasons sampled) and (3) the urban area sampled should cover at least one hectare (100x100 m). Each network represented an ecological community, summarizing interaction frequencies between pairs of hummingbird and plant species. We only included legitimate interactions in our dataset, in which hummingbirds inserted their bill to drink nectar while touching the reproductive structures, thereby potentially acting as pollinators, and characterizing mutualistic interactions.The 67 natural area networks were extracted from Dalsgaard et al. 2021, Functional Ecology (https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13784) which reported 93 interaction networks from natural habitats across mainland America and islands. We only used data from the mainland networks, as we lacked urban networks from islands. In addition, considering that urban development reflects cultural, socioeconomic, and historical drivers specific to each country/region, we limited the data on the natural habitats to the subset of mainland networks located in the same countries where the urban networks were also sampled (i.e., Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Brazil). Data from Dalsgaard et al. 2021 can be accessed at: https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.rr4xgxd7n--------Rscript organized by João Custódio CardosoRscript by João Custódio Cardoso and Jesper SonneData curation: Pietro Maruyama, Camila BosenbeckerValidation: Caio Ballarin

We compiled a dataset of 103 quantitative hummingbird-plant interaction networks distributed from Mexico to Southern Brazil, comprising 176 hummingbird and 1180 plant species.Here, we provide the raw network data for the 36 urban area networks that was compiled for this study, as well as network indices, climate and community predictors used in the manuscript. We also provide the R script for the analyses conducted in our manuscript.Urban networks were characterized by the presence of built structures associated with denser human settlements, and needed to: (1) include all flowering plants (native and non-native) known to be visited (or potentially visited) by hummingbirds in the study area, (2) sampling should cover at least one annual cycle (all seasons sampled) and (3) the urban area sampled should cover at least one hectare (100x100 m). Each network represented an ecological community, summarizing interaction frequencies between pairs of hummingbird and plant species. We only included legitimate interactions in our dataset, in which hummingbirds inserted their bill to drink nectar while touching the reproductive structures, thereby potentially acting as pollinators, and characterizing mutualistic interactions.The 67 natural area networks were extracted from Dalsgaard et al. 2021, Functional Ecology (https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13784) which reported 93 interaction networks from natural habitats across mainland America and islands. We only used data from the mainland networks, as we lacked urban networks from islands. In addition, considering that urban development reflects cultural, socioeconomic, and historical drivers specific to each country/region, we limited the data on the natural habitats to the subset of mainland networks located in the same countries where the urban networks were also sampled (i.e., Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Brazil). Data from Dalsgaard et al. 2021 can be accessed at: https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.rr4xgxd7n--------Rscript organized by João Custódio CardosoRscript by João Custódio Cardoso and Jesper SonneData curation: Pietro Maruyama, Camila BosenbeckerValidation: Caio Ballarin

We compiled a dataset of 103 quantitative hummingbird-plant interaction networks distributed from Mexico to Southern Brazil, comprising 176 hummingbird and 1180 plant species.Here, we provide the raw network data for the 36 urban area networks that was compiled for this study, as well as network indices, climate and community predictors used in the manuscript. We also provide the R script for the analyses conducted in our manuscript.Urban networks were characterized by the presence of built structures associated with denser human settlements, and needed to: (1) include all flowering plants (native and non-native) known to be visited (or potentially visited) by hummingbirds in the study area, (2) sampling should cover at least one annual cycle (all seasons sampled) and (3) the urban area sampled should cover at least one hectare (100x100 m). Each network represented an ecological community, summarizing interaction frequencies between pairs of hummingbird and plant species. We only included legitimate interactions in our dataset, in which hummingbirds inserted their bill to drink nectar while touching the reproductive structures, thereby potentially acting as pollinators, and characterizing mutualistic interactions.The 67 natural area networks were extracted from Dalsgaard et al. 2021, Functional Ecology (https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13784) which reported 93 interaction networks from natural habitats across mainland America and islands. We only used data from the mainland networks, as we lacked urban networks from islands. In addition, considering that urban development reflects cultural, socioeconomic, and historical drivers specific to each country/region, we limited the data on the natural habitats to the subset of mainland networks located in the same countries where the urban networks were also sampled (i.e., Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Brazil). Data from Dalsgaard et al. 2021 can be accessed at: https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.rr4xgxd7n--------Rscript organized by João Custódio CardosoRscript by João Custódio Cardoso and Jesper SonneData curation: Pietro Maruyama, Camila BosenbeckerValidation: Caio Ballarin

We compiled a dataset of 103 quantitative hummingbird-plant interaction networks distributed from Mexico to Southern Brazil, comprising 176 hummingbird and 1180 plant species.Here, we provide the raw network data for the 36 urban area networks that was compiled for this study, as well as network indices, climate and community predictors used in the manuscript. We also provide the R script for the analyses conducted in our manuscript.Urban networks were characterized by the presence of built structures associated with denser human settlements, and needed to: (1) include all flowering plants (native and non-native) known to be visited (or potentially visited) by hummingbirds in the study area, (2) sampling should cover at least one annual cycle (all seasons sampled) and (3) the urban area sampled should cover at least one hectare (100x100 m). Each network represented an ecological community, summarizing interaction frequencies between pairs of hummingbird and plant species. We only included legitimate interactions in our dataset, in which hummingbirds inserted their bill to drink nectar while touching the reproductive structures, thereby potentially acting as pollinators, and characterizing mutualistic interactions.The 67 natural area networks were extracted from Dalsgaard et al. 2021, Functional Ecology (https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13784) which reported 93 interaction networks from natural habitats across mainland America and islands. We only used data from the mainland networks, as we lacked urban networks from islands. In addition, considering that urban development reflects cultural, socioeconomic, and historical drivers specific to each country/region, we limited the data on the natural habitats to the subset of mainland networks located in the same countries where the urban networks were also sampled (i.e., Mexico, Costa Rica, Colombia, and Brazil). Data from Dalsgaard et al. 2021 can be accessed at: https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.rr4xgxd7n--------Rscript organized by João Custódio CardosoRscript by João Custódio Cardoso and Jesper SonneData curation: Pietro Maruyama, Camila BosenbeckerValidation: Caio Ballarin

An ecological niche has been defined as an n-dimensional hypervolume formed by conditions and resources that species need to survive, grow and reproduce. In practice, such niche dimensions are measurable and describe how species share resources, which has been thought to be a crucial mechanism for coexistence and a major driver of broad biodiversity patterns. Here, we investigate resource partitioning and trophic interactions of three sympatric, phylogenetically related and morphologically similar species of thrushes (Turdus spp.). Based on one year of data collected in southern Brazil, we investigated niche partitioning using three approaches: diet and trophic niche assessed by faecal analysis, diet and niche estimated by stable isotopes in blood and mixing models, and bipartite network analysis derived from direct diet and mixing model outputs. Approaches revealed that the three sympatric thrushes are generalists that feed on similar diets, demonstrating high niche overlap. Fruits from C3 plants were one of the most important food items in their networks, with wide links connecting the three thrush species. Turdus amaurochalinus and T. albicollis had the greatest trophic and isotopic niche overlap, with 90% and 20% overlap, respectively. There was partitioning of key resources between these two species, with a shared preference for fig tree fruits - Ficus cestrifolia (T. amaurochalinus PSIRI% = 11.3 and T. albicollis = 11.5), which was not present in the diet of T. rufiventris. Results added a new approach to the network analysis based on values from the stable isotope mixing models, allowing comparisons between traditional dietary analysis and diet inferred by isotopic mixing models, which reflects food items effectively assimilated in consumer tissues. Both are visualized in bipartite networks and show food-consumers link strengths. This approach could be useful to other studies using stable isotopes coupled to network analysis, particularly useful in sympatric species with similar niches.