Objectives: To estimate the cost of HPV-based screening through Community health campaigns (CHCs) and home-based testing. Setting: Community health campaigns (CHCs) and home-based testing in six communities in rural western Kenya. Participants: CHCs and home-based screening reached 2297 and 1002 women aged 25 to 65 years respectively. Outcome measures: Outcome measures were overall cost per woman screened achieved through the CHCs and home-based testing, and the cost per woman for each activity comprising the screening intervention. Results: The mean cost per woman screened through CHCs and home-based testing were similar, at $37.7 (range $26.4 - $52.0) and $37.1 (range $27.6 - $54.0), respectively. For CHCs, personnel represented 49% of overall cost, supplies 25%, services 5%, and capital goods 23%.  For home-based testing, these were: personnel 73%, supplies 25%, services 1%, and capital goods 2%. A greater number of participants was associated with a lower cost per participant. Conclusions: The mean cost per woman screened is comparable for CHC and home-based testing, with differences in type of input. The CHCs generally reached more eligible women in the 6 communities, whereas home-based strategies more efficiently reached populations with low screening rates.