Version 3 of the databaseThe updated version of the database includes autonomic nervous system data (HRV metrics) estimated using the ECG signal.The previous versions of the database included data estimated from non-invasive, photoplethysmography-based ABP signals.FundingSONATA 18 UMO-2022/47/D/ST7/00229 National Science Centre, Poland (database 2)SONATA-BIS UMO-2013/10/E/ST7/00117 National Science Centre, Poland (database1)General informationTwo datasets were used in this study.The dataset 1 includes 49 healthy volunteers (28 females, 21 males, median age: 23 years, range: 18-31 years) who were measured at the Neuroengineering Laboratory at Wroclaw University of Science and Technology (WUST) between October 2014 and June 2015 (Biomedical Committee Agreement number: KB-170/2014).The dataset  2 includes 12 healthy volunteers (8 females, 4 males, median age: 25 years, range: 20-26 years) who were prospectively measured at WUST between October 2023 and January 2024 (Biomedical Committee Agreement number: KB-179/2023/N).Signal recordings descriptionABP was measured non-invasively by a servo-controlled plethysmograph (Finometer MIDI, FMS Medical Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands in dataset 1 and Finapres Nova, FMS Medical Systems in dataset 2). The cuff was placed on the middle finger of the left hand and held at the level of the heart.A three-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG) was used to record the heart's electrical activityCBv was measured in the MCA using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (Doppler BoxX, DWL, Compumedics Germany GmbH, Singen, Germany in database 1; EMS-9PB, Delica, Shenzhen, China in database 2).Expired end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and respiratory rate (RR) were measured via a nasal cannula using a portable capnography monitor (RespSense™, NONIN, Plymouth, USA)Protocol: After a resting epoch lasting at least 5 minutes (baseline, referred to in the aliases as "B"), a controlled breathing session was initiated. Five-minute recordings were collected at each of the following respiratory rates: 6, 10, or 15 breaths per minute (corresponding to 0.1 Hz, 0.17 Hz, and 0.25 Hz, respectively), guided by a digital metronome (referred to in aliases as "6", "10", "15")Data descriptionIDType of database (database 1/database 2)Type of device used for ABP measurement (ECG was measured in the same way in both databases, using a built-in module, attached to photoplethysmography)Metadata including: sex (male M, female F), and agePhysiological parameters measured during controlled breathing, including:end-tidal carbon dioxide: ETCO2Respiratory rate: RRCarbon dioxide concentration: CO2Heart rate: HRArterial blood pressure: ABPCerebral blood flow velocity: CBvAutonomic Nervous System metrics, including:joint symbolic dynamics, estimated as the relative frequency of baroreflex-like word types (JSDsym) and the relative frequency of patterns that are opposed to baroreflex behaviour (JSDdiam) (Baumert et al., 2015)entropy metrics: MSEn, multiscale entropy; ApEn, approximate entropy; SampEn, sample entropy, FuzzyEn, fuzzy entropyfrequency-domain metrics: LFn, HFn, normalized power spectral density of the R-R interval time series in the low-frequency range (LF, 0.04–0.15 Hz) and the high-frequency range (HF, 0.15–0.40 Hz), obtained by dividing the respective power spectra by a total power (TP, 0.04–0.40 Hz); LF/HF; low-to-high frequency ratio; Baroreflex sensitivity estimated using cross-correlation method (xBRS) time-domain metrics: SDNN, standard deviation of the R-R intervals;  RMSSD, square root of the mean of the squared successive differences between adjacent R-R intervals; meanNN, mean intervals between normal R-peaks, pNN20 and pNN50, proportion of R-R intervals greater than 20 ms or 50 ms, respectively;Cerebral autoregulation metrics, including TFA metrics  were provided for two frequency ranges: VLF, very low frequency (0.02–0.07 Hz), BF, breathing frequency (determined for each of the participants for spontaneous breathing and 0.10; 0.17; 0.25 Hz±0.02 Hz for controlled breathing); coherence,phase shift (PS)gain

Version 3 of the databaseThe updated version of the database includes autonomic nervous system data (HRV metrics) estimated using the ECG signal.The previous versions of the database included data estimated from non-invasive, photoplethysmography-based ABP signals.FundingSONATA 18 UMO-2022/47/D/ST7/00229 National Science Centre, Poland (database 2)SONATA-BIS UMO-2013/10/E/ST7/00117 National Science Centre, Poland (database1)General informationTwo datasets were used in this study.The dataset 1 includes 49 healthy volunteers (28 females, 21 males, median age: 23 years, range: 18-31 years) who were measured at the Neuroengineering Laboratory at Wroclaw University of Science and Technology (WUST) between October 2014 and June 2015 (Biomedical Committee Agreement number: KB-170/2014).The dataset  2 includes 12 healthy volunteers (8 females, 4 males, median age: 25 years, range: 20-26 years) who were prospectively measured at WUST between October 2023 and January 2024 (Biomedical Committee Agreement number: KB-179/2023/N).Signal recordings descriptionABP was measured non-invasively by a servo-controlled plethysmograph (Finometer MIDI, FMS Medical Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands in dataset 1 and Finapres Nova, FMS Medical Systems in dataset 2). The cuff was placed on the middle finger of the left hand and held at the level of the heart.A three-lead surface electrocardiogram (ECG) was used to record the heart's electrical activityCBv was measured in the MCA using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (Doppler BoxX, DWL, Compumedics Germany GmbH, Singen, Germany in database 1; EMS-9PB, Delica, Shenzhen, China in database 2).Expired end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and respiratory rate (RR) were measured via a nasal cannula using a portable capnography monitor (RespSense™, NONIN, Plymouth, USA)Protocol: After a resting epoch lasting at least 5 minutes (baseline, referred to in the aliases as "B"), a controlled breathing session was initiated. Five-minute recordings were collected at each of the following respiratory rates: 6, 10, or 15 breaths per minute (corresponding to 0.1 Hz, 0.17 Hz, and 0.25 Hz, respectively), guided by a digital metronome (referred to in aliases as "6", "10", "15")Data descriptionIDType of database (database 1/database 2)Type of device used for ABP measurement (ECG was measured in the same way in both databases, using a built-in module, attached to photoplethysmography)Metadata including: sex (male M, female F), and agePhysiological parameters measured during controlled breathing, including:end-tidal carbon dioxide: ETCO2Respiratory rate: RRCarbon dioxide concentration: CO2Heart rate: HRArterial blood pressure: ABPCerebral blood flow velocity: CBvAutonomic Nervous System metrics, including:joint symbolic dynamics, estimated as the relative frequency of baroreflex-like word types (JSDsym) and the relative frequency of patterns that are opposed to baroreflex behaviour (JSDdiam) (Baumert et al., 2015)entropy metrics: MSEn, multiscale entropy; ApEn, approximate entropy; SampEn, sample entropy, FuzzyEn, fuzzy entropyfrequency-domain metrics: LFn, HFn, normalized power spectral density of the R-R interval time series in the low-frequency range (LF, 0.04–0.15 Hz) and the high-frequency range (HF, 0.15–0.40 Hz), obtained by dividing the respective power spectra by a total power (TP, 0.04–0.40 Hz); LF/HF; low-to-high frequency ratio; Baroreflex sensitivity estimated using cross-correlation method (xBRS) time-domain metrics: SDNN, standard deviation of the R-R intervals;  RMSSD, square root of the mean of the squared successive differences between adjacent R-R intervals; meanNN, mean intervals between normal R-peaks, pNN20 and pNN50, proportion of R-R intervals greater than 20 ms or 50 ms, respectively;Cerebral autoregulation metrics, including TFA metrics  were provided for two frequency ranges: VLF, very low frequency (0.02–0.07 Hz), BF, breathing frequency (determined for each of the participants for spontaneous breathing and 0.10; 0.17; 0.25 Hz±0.02 Hz for controlled breathing); coherence,phase shift (PS)gain

FundingSONATA 18 UMO-2022/47/D/ST7/00229 National Science Centre, Poland (database 2)SONATA-BIS UMO-2013/10/E/ST7/00117 National Science Centre, Poland (database1)General informationTwo datasets were used in this study.The dataset 1 includes 49 healthy volunteers (28 females, 21 males, median age: 23 years, range: 18-31 years) who were measured at the Neuroengineering Laboratory at Wroclaw University of Science and Technology (WUST) between October 2014 and June 2015 (Biomedical Committee Agreement number: KB-170/2014).The dataset  2 includes 21 healthy volunteers (14 females, 7 males, median age: 22 years, range: 18-31 years) who were prospectively measured at WUST between October 2023 and January 2024 (Biomedical Committee Agreement number: KB-179/2023/N).Signal recordings descriptionABP was measured non-invasively by a servo-controlled plethysmograph (Finometer MIDI, FMS Medical Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands in all subjects in dataset 1; CNAP, CNSystems Medizintechnik GmbH, Graz, Austria and Finapres Nova, FMS Medical Systems in dataset 2). The cuff was placed on the middle finger of the left hand and held at the level of the heart.CBFV was measured in the MCA using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (Doppler BoxX, DWL, Compumedics Germany GmbH, Singen, Germany in database 1; EMS-9PB, Delica, Shenzhen, China in database 2).Expired end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and respiratory rate (RR) were measured via a nasal cannula using a portable capnography monitor (RespSense™, NONIN, Plymouth, USA)Protocol: after a resting epoch lasted at least 5 minutes, a controlled breathing session was initiated with 5-minute recordings at each of the respiratory rate: 6, 10 or 15 breaths/min (0.1 Hz, 0.17 Hz, and 0.25 Hz, respectively), guided by a digital metronome.Data descriptionType of database (database 1/database 2)Type of device used for ABP measurementMetadata including: sex (male M, female F), and agePhysiological parameters measured during controlled breathing, including: end-tidal carbon dioxide: ETCO2Respiratory rate: RRCarbon dioxide concentration: CO2Heart rate: HRArterial blood pressure: ABPCerebral blood flow velocity: CBFVBaroreflex function metrics, including:Joint symbolical dynamics, estimated as the relative frequency of baroreflex-like word types (JSDsym) and the relative frequency of patterns that are opposed to baroreflex behaviour (JSDdiam) (Baumert et al., 2015)Low component of Heart Rate Variability (HRV_LF; 0.04-0.15 Hz)Baroreflex sensitivity estimated using a cross-correlation method (xBRS)Cerebral autoregulation metrics, including TFA metrics:coherence,phase shift (PS)gainwere provided for two frequency ranges: the very low-frequency range (VLF; 0.02-0.07 Hz) and the breathing frequency (BF; 0.08-0.12 Hz for 6 breaths/min; 0.15-0.19 Hz for 10 breaths/min; 0.23-0.27 Hz for 15 breaths/min). The mean values of the TFA metrics were analysed within these ranges. Data description (new version)Please note that in the new version of the file, baseline values (denoted as "B"), collected during sponatnaeous breathing, has been added. These values include both physiological metrcis as well as all ANS metrcis and cerebral autoregulation metrcis.Moreover, in the new version of the file we included more ANS metrcis (HRV variabilities and entropy metrcis).

FundingSONATA 18 UMO-2022/47/D/ST7/00229 National Science Center (database 2)SONATA-BIS UMO-2013/10/E/ST7/00117 National Science Center (database1)General informationTwo datasets were used in this study.The dataset 1 includes 49 healthy volunteers (28 females, 21 males, median age: 23 years, range: 18-31 years) who were measured at the Neuroengineering Laboratory at Wroclaw University of Science and Technology (WUST) between October 2014 and June 2015 (Biomedical Committee Agreement number: KB-170/2014).The dataset  2 includes 21 healthy volunteers (14 females, 7 males, median age: 22 years, range: 18-31 years) who were prospectively measured at WUST between October 2023 and January 2024 (Biomedical Committee Agreement number: KB-179/2023/N).Signal recordings descriptionABP was measured non-invasively by a servo-controlled plethysmograph (Finometer MIDI, FMS Medical Systems, Amsterdam, The Netherlands in all subjects in dataset 1; CNAP, CNSystems Medizintechnik GmbH, Graz, Austria and Finapres Nova, FMS Medical Systems in dataset 2). The cuff was placed on the middle finger of the left hand and held at the level of the heart.CBFV was measured in the MCA using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography (Doppler BoxX, DWL, Compumedics Germany GmbH, Singen, Germany in database 1; EMS-9PB, Delica, Shenzhen, China in database 2).Expired end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and respiratory rate (RR) were measured via a nasal cannula using a portable capnography monitor (RespSense™, NONIN, Plymouth, USA)Protocol: after a resting epoch lasted at least 5 minutes, a controlled breathing session was initiated with 5-minute recordings at each of the respiratory rate: 6, 10 or 15 breaths/min (0.1 Hz, 0.17 Hz, and 0.25 Hz, respectively), guided by a digital metronome.Data descriptionType of database (database 1/database 2)Type of device used for ABP measurementMetadata including: sex (male M, female F), and agePhysiological parameters measured during controlled breathing, including: end-tidal carbon dioxide: ETCO2Respiratory rate: RRCarbon dioxide concentration: CO2Heart rate: HRArterial blood pressure: ABPCerebral blood flow velocity: CBFVBaroreflex function metrics, including:Joint symbolical dynamics, estimated as the relative frequency of baroreflex-like word types (JSDsym) and the relative frequency of patterns that are opposed to baroreflex behaviour (JSDdiam) (Baumert et al., 2015)Low component of Heart Rate Variability (HRV_LF; 0.04-0.15 Hz)Baroreflex sensitivity estimated using a cross-correlation method (xBRS)Cerebral autoregulation metrics, including TFA metrics:coherence,phase shift (PS)gainwere provided for two frequency ranges: the very low-frequency range (VLF; 0.02-0.07 Hz) and the breathing frequency (BF; 0.08-0.12 Hz for 6 breaths/min; 0.15-0.19 Hz for 10 breaths/min; 0.23-0.27 Hz for 15 breaths/min). The mean values of the TFA metrics were analysed within these ranges.

Please, cite this article if using dataset:A. Uryga, M. Najdek, M. Najda, C. Mataczyński and T. Buchner, "Nonlinear Method to Assess Autonomic Modulation During Controlled Breathing," 2024 13th Conference of the European Study Group on Cardiovascular Oscillations (ESGCO), ZARAGOZA, Spain, 2024, pp. 1-2, doi: 10.1109/ESGCO63003.2024.10766976. General information:This database contains data from 34 young healthy volunteers (median age: 22 years, range: 18-31 years) who were measured at the Neuroengineering Laboratory at Wroclaw University of Science and Technology (WUST) between October 2023 and January 2024.The study was approved by the bioethical committee (KB-179/2023/N).We would like to thank Prof. Magdalena Kasprowicz, the head of the Brain Physics group (https://www.brainlab.pwr.edu.pl/), for her help and support during the research.The study was support by National Science Centre, Poland (UMO-2022/47/D/ST7/00229).Signal recordings description:ABP was measured non-invasively by a servo-controlled plethysmograph (CNAP, CNSystems Medizintechnik GmbH, Graz, Austria, in n = 19 subjects, and Finapres Nova, FMS Medical Systems, in n = 15 subjects). The cuff was placed on the middle finger of the left hand and held at the level of the heart.Expired end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, and respiratory rate (RR) were measured via a nasal cannula using a portable capnography monitor (RespSense™, NONIN, Plymouth, USA).Protocol: After a resting epoch lasting at least 5 minutes, a controlled breathing session was initiated with three 5-minute recordings at respiratory rates of 6, 10, or 15 breaths/min (0.1 Hz, 0.17 Hz, and 0.25 Hz, respectively), guided by a digital metronome.Data description:Metadata: Including device, gender (male M, female F), and ageAutonomic Nervous System parameters: IncludingPhase-Rectified Signal Averaging (PRSA) - a non-linear approach used to quantify the acceleration (AC) and deceleration (DC) capacity of the heartEntropy: Fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) functions calculated for R-R intervals, which were implemented in NeuroKit2Joint Symbolical Analysis (JSA) - a method that identifies short-term repeated patterns in a signal (JSA_sym and JSA_diam)Physiological parameters: IncludingMean arterial blood pressure (ABP)Mean end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2)Mean heart rate (HR)

Please, cite this article if using dataset:A. Uryga, M. Najdek, M. Najda, C. Mataczyński and T. Buchner, "Nonlinear Method to Assess Autonomic Modulation During Controlled Breathing," 2024 13th Conference of the European Study Group on Cardiovascular Oscillations (ESGCO), ZARAGOZA, Spain, 2024, pp. 1-2, doi: 10.1109/ESGCO63003.2024.10766976. General information:This database contains data from 34 young healthy volunteers (median age: 22 years, range: 18-31 years) who were measured at the Neuroengineering Laboratory at Wroclaw University of Science and Technology (WUST) between October 2023 and January 2024.The study was approved by the bioethical committee (KB-179/2023/N).We would like to thank Prof. Magdalena Kasprowicz, the head of the Brain Physics group (https://www.brainlab.pwr.edu.pl/), for her help and support during the research.The study was support by National Science Centre, Poland (UMO-2022/47/D/ST7/00229).Signal recordings description:ABP was measured non-invasively by a servo-controlled plethysmograph (CNAP, CNSystems Medizintechnik GmbH, Graz, Austria, in n = 19 subjects, and Finapres Nova, FMS Medical Systems, in n = 15 subjects). The cuff was placed on the middle finger of the left hand and held at the level of the heart.Expired end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2), carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, and respiratory rate (RR) were measured via a nasal cannula using a portable capnography monitor (RespSense™, NONIN, Plymouth, USA).Protocol: After a resting epoch lasting at least 5 minutes, a controlled breathing session was initiated with three 5-minute recordings at respiratory rates of 6, 10, or 15 breaths/min (0.1 Hz, 0.17 Hz, and 0.25 Hz, respectively), guided by a digital metronome.Data description:Metadata: Including device, gender (male M, female F), and ageAutonomic Nervous System parameters: IncludingPhase-Rectified Signal Averaging (PRSA) - a non-linear approach used to quantify the acceleration (AC) and deceleration (DC) capacity of the heartEntropy: Fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) functions calculated for R-R intervals, which were implemented in NeuroKit2Joint Symbolical Analysis (JSA) - a method that identifies short-term repeated patterns in a signal (JSA_sym and JSA_diam)Physiological parameters: IncludingMean arterial blood pressure (ABP)Mean end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2)Mean heart rate (HR)