Table 1. Checklist of marine fishes of Redang archipelagoSubclass, Order, Family, Genus and speciesHabitat typesThreat to humansIUCN statusOther remarksElasmobranchiiOrder CarcharhiniformesFamily CARCHARHINIDAE (Requiem shark)Carcharhinus melanopterus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)PEL, RFATraumatogenicNT[2000, 2001, 2019]Triaenodon obesus (Rüppell, 1837)PEL, RFATraumatogenicNT[2000]Order OrectolobiformesFamily GINGLYMOSTOMATIDAE (Nurse shark)Nebrius ferrugineus (Lesson, 1831)CS, RFATraumatogenicVU[2000]Order MyliobatiformesFamily DASYATIDAE (Stingray)Himantura sp.[2000]Taeniura lymma (Forsskål, 1775)RFAVenomousNT[2000; 2001, 2011, 2019]ActinopteriOrder AcanthuriformesFamily ACANTHURIDAE (Surgeonfish)Acanthurus dussumieri Valenciennes, 1835SR, RFALC[2000]Acanthurus lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFAVenomous[2000]Acanthurus sp.LC[2001]Naso lituratus (Forster, 1801)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001]Naso unicornis (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Family POMACANTHIDAE (Angelfish)Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus (Bloch, 1787)RFALC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Chaetodontoplus mesoleucas]Pomacanthus annularis (Bloch, 1787)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2011, 2019]± Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch, 1787)SRLC[2019]Pomacanthus sexstriatus (Cuvier, 1831)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Pomacanthus xanthometopon (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000]Family SIGANIDAE (Rabbitfish)Siganus argenteus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000]Siganus canaliculatus (Park, 1797)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2001]Siganus corallinus (Valenciennes, 1835)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Siganus guttatus (Bloch, 1787)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Siganus javus (Linnaeus, 1766)SR, RFAVenomousDD[2011, 2019]Siganus puellus (Schlegel, 1852)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001]Siganus punctatus (Schneider & Forster, 1801)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2011, 2019]Siganus spinus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000]Siganus vermiculatus (Valenciennes, 1835SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001]Siganus virgatus (Valenciennes, 1835)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Siganus vulpinus (Schlegel & Müller, 1845)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Siganus vulpinis]Family ZANCLIDAE (Moorishn idol)Zanclus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFALC[2000; 2001, s: Zinclus cornutus]Order AcropomatiformesFamily PEMPHERIDAE (Sweeper)Pempheris oualensis Cuvier, 1831SR, RFA[2000; 2019]Pempheris schwenkii Cuvier, 1855SR, RFA[2000]Pempheris vanicolensis Bleeker, 1877SR, RFA[2001]Order AnguilliformesFamily MURAENIDAE (Moray eel)± Gymnothorax fimbriatus (Bennett, 1832)SR, RFALC[2019]Gymnothorax javanicus Bloch & Schneider, 1801SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2019]Order AulopiformesFamily SYNODONTIDAE (Lizardfishes)Synodus variegatus (Lacepède, 1803)CS, RFALC[2001, 2019]Synodus sp.[2000]Order BeloniformesFamily HEMIRAMPHIDAE (Halfbeaks)Hemiramphus sp.[2001]Hyporhamphus affinis (Güther, 1866)SR, PEL[2001, s: Hyporhampus affinis]Order BlenniiformesFamily BLENNIIDAE (Blennies)± Aspidontus taeniatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834SR, RFALC[2019]Atrosalarias fuscus (Rüppell, 1838)SR, RFALC[2000]Ecsenius bicolor (Day, 1888)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Ecsenius lineatus Klausewitz, 1962SR, RFALC[2000]Ecsenius yaeyamaensis (Aoyagi, 1954)SR, RFALC[2000]Meiacanthus grammistes (Valenciennes, 1836)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000]Plagoitremus rhinorhynchos (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFA[2001, s: Plagoitremus rhinorhincus]Salarias sp.[2001]Family TRIPTERYGIIDAE (Threefin, triplefin blennies)Helcogramma striata Hansen, 1986SR, RFALC[2011, 2019]Order CentrarchiformesFamily KYPHOSIDAE (Rudderfish)Kyphosus cinerascens (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAPoisonous to eatDD[2001]Kyphosus sp.[2000]Family TERAPONTIDAE (Grunts, tigerperches)Terapon jarbua (Forsskål, 1775)CS, DEMLC[2001]Order GobiesociformesFamily GOBIESOCIDAE (Clingfish)± Diademichthys lineatus (Sauvage, 1883)SR, RFALC[2019]Order GobiiformesFamily GOBIIDAE (Gobies)± Amblyeleotris rubrimarginata Mohlmann & Randall, 2002SR, RFA[2019]Amblyeleotris steinitzi (Klausewitz, 1974)SR, RFALC[2001]Amblygobius phalaena (Valenciennes, 1837)SR, RFA[2001]Cryptocentrus cinctus (Herre, 1936)SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Ctenogobiops pomastictus Lubbock & Polunin, 1977SR, RFA[2001, s: Ctenogobius pomastictus]* ± Ctenogobiops mitodes Randall, Shao & Chen, 2007SR, RFA[2019]± Eviota sebreei Jordan & Seale, 1906SR, RFALC[2019]± Exyrias bellissimus (Smith, 1959)SR, RFALC[2019]Istigobius decoratus (Herre, 1927)SR, RFALC[2001]Istigobius goldmanni (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFA[2011, 2019]Istigobius nigroocellatus (Günther, 1873)SR, RFA[2011, 2019]Valenciennea longipinnis (Lay & Bennett, 1839)SR, RFA[2001]Valenciennea muralis (Valenciennes, 1837)SR, RFALC[2001]Valenciennea sexguttata (Valenciennes, 1837)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Family MICRODESMIDAE (Dartfish)Gunnelichthys monostigma Smith, 1958SR, RFA[2000]Order GonorynchiformesFamily CHANIDAE (Milkfish)Chanos chanos (Forsskål, 1775)CS, RFA[2001]Order HolocentriformesFamily HOLOCENTRIDAE (Soldier, squirrelfish)± Myripristis hexagona (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2019]Myripristis kuntee Valenciennes, 1831.SR, RFALC[2001, s: Myriptis kuntee]Myripristis murdjan (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]± Sargocentron cornutum (Bleeker, 1854)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2019]Sargocentron rubrum (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2011, 2019]Sargocentron praslin (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2000]Sargocentron sp.[2001]Order MugiliformesFamily MUGILIDAE (Mullet)Crenemugil crenilabis (Forsskål, 1775)CS, RFA[2001]Order Perciformes sedis mutablisFamily APOGONIDAE (Cardinalfishes)Apogon aureus (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFA[2001]Cheilodipterus artus Smith, 1961SR, RFA[2000]Cheilodipterus intermedius Gon, 1993SR, RFA[2001]Cheilodipterus macrodon (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2000; 2001, m: Cheilodipterus heptaxona, s: Cheilodipterus microdon; 2019]Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus Cuvier, 1828SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2011, 2019]Ostorhinchus chrysopomus (Bleeker 1854)SR[2001, s: Apogon crysopomus]Ostorhinchus compressus (Smith & Radcliffe, 1911)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Apogon compressus; 2019]Ostorhinchus cookii (Macleay, 1881)SR, RFADD[2000, s: Ostorhinchus cookie]Ostorhinchus cyanosoma (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Apogon cyanosoma]± Ostorhinchus wassinki (Bleeker, 1860)SR, RFA[2019]Pristicon rhodopterus (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFA[2001, s: Apogon rhodopterus]Taeniamia fucata (Cantor, 1849)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Archaima fucata; 2019]Taeniamia macroptera (Cuvier, 1828)SR, RFA[2001, s: Archaima macroptera; 2019]Taeniamia zosterophora (Bleeker, 1856)SR, RFA[2000, s: Archamia zoesterophora; 2001, s: Cheilodipterus zosterophora; 2019]Family CAESIONIDAE (Fusilier)Caesio caerulaurea Lacepède, 1801SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Caesio cuning (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000]Caesio teres Seale, 1906SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Caesio xanthonota Bleeker, 1853SR, RFALC[2001, s: Caesio xanthonata]Pterocaesio chrysozona (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000]Pterocaesio marri Schultz, 1953SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Family CARANGIDAE (Jack, pompanos)Alepes melanoptera (Swainson, 1839)PELLC[2011, 2019]Alepes sp.[2001]Carangoides bajad (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Carangoides chrysophrys (Cuvier, 1833)SR, RFA[2000, s: Carangoides chrysophys]Carangoides gymnostethus (Cuvier, 1833)SR, RFADD[2000]Caranx melampygus Cuvier, 1833SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Caranx sexfasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825SR, RFA[2000]Caranx tille Cuvier, 1833SR, RFA[2000]Elagatis bipinnulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Scomberoides lysan (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2001]Selaroides leptolepis (Cuvier, 1833)SR, RFALC[2011, 2019]Trachinotus bailloni (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Trachinotus blochii (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Family ECHENEIDAE (Remoras)Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758RFADD[2000, 2019]Family EPHIPPIDAE (Spadefishes)Platax teira (Forsskål, 1775)CS, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Platax sp.[2000]Family GERREIDAE (Mojarrs)Gerres oyena (Forsskål, 1775)CS, RFALC[2001]Family HAEMULIDAE (Sweetlips)Plectorhinchus albovittatus (Rüppell, 1838)SR, RFA[2000]± Pletorhinchus chaetodonoides Lacepède, 1801SR, RFA[2019]Plectorhinchus chrysotaenia (Bleeker, 1855)SR, RFA[2001, s: Plectorhinchus celebicus]Plectorhinchus gibbosus (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Plectorhinchus lessonii (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2000, s: Plectorhinchus lessoni]Plectorhinchus vittatus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFALC[2000]Family LETHRINIDAE (Emperors)Lethrinus erythropterus Valenciennes, 1830SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Lethrinus microdon Valenciennes, 1830SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Lethrinus olivaceus Valenciennes, 1830SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Lethrinus ornatus Valenciennes, 1830SR, RFALC[2000]Lethrinus sp.[2001]Family LUTJANIDAE (Snapper)Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Lutjanus bohar (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Lutjanus decussatus (Cuvier, 1828)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Lutjanus fulviflamma (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Lutjanus johnii (Bloch, 1792)SR, RFALC[2000]Lutjanus kasmira (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000]Lutjanus lutjanus Bloch, 1790SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Lutjanus quinquelineatus (Bloch, 1790)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849)SR, RFALC[2001, s: Lutjanus russelli; 2019]Lutjanus vitta (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Macolor niger (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Family MONODACTYLIDAE (Monos, Moonyfishes)Monodactylus argenteus (Linnaeus, 1758)CS, PELDD[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Monodactylus argentius]Family MULLIDAE (Goatfish)Mulloidichthys flavolineatus (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFADD[2000]Parupeneus ciliatus (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2000]Parupeneus indicus (Shaw, 1803)SR, RFALC[2000]Upeneus tragula Richardson, 1846CS, RFALC[2000, 2019]Family NEMIPTERIDAE (Threadfin breams)Pentapodus caninus (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Pentapodus emeryii (Richardson, 1843)SR, RFALC[2000]Scolopsis affinis Peters, 1877SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019].Scolopsis bilineata (Bloch, 1793)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Scolopsis bilineatus; 2019]Scolopsis ciliata (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Scolopsis ciliates; 2019]Scolopsis lineata Quoy & Gaimard, 1824SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Scolopsis lineatus; 2019]Scolopsis margaritifer (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Scolopsis margaritifera]Scolopsis monogramma (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2011, 2019]Scolopsis trilineata Kner, 1868SR, RFALC[2001, s: Scolopsis trilineatus]Scolopsis vosmeri (Bloch, 1792)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Family PRIACANTHIDAE (Bigeyes)Priacanthus blochii Bleeker, 1853SR, RFALC[2000]Priacanthus hamrur (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000]Family PSEUDOCHROMIDAE (Dottyback)Pseudochromis fuscus Müller & Troschel, 1849SR, RFALC[2001, s: Pseudocromis fuscus]Family SERRANIDAE (Grouper)Aethaloperca rogaa (Forsskål, 1775).SR, RFALC[2000]Cephalopholis boenack (Bloch, 1790)SR, RFA[2001, 2019]Cephalopholis cyanostigma (Valenciennes, 1828)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Cephalopholis formosa (Shaw, 1812)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019; 2001, s: Cephalopholis formosus]Cephalopholis microprion (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFALC[2001]Cephalopholis miniata (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000]Diploprion bifasciatum Cuvier, 1828SR, RFALC[2001]Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Ephinephelus fasciatus]Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningVU[2001, s: Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus]Epinephelus ongus (Bloch, 1790)SR, RFALC[2001, s: Ephinephelus ongus]Epinephelus polyphekadion (Bleeker, 1849)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningVU[2000]Epinephelus quoyanus (Valenciennes, 1830)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2001, s: Ephinephelus quoyanus; 2019]Plectropomus areolatus (Rüppell, 1830)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningVU[2000, s: Plectropomus aerolatus]Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch, 1790)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Order PerciformesFamily CHAETODONTIDAE (Butterflyfish)Chaetodon adiergastos Seale, 1910SR, RFALC[2000]Chaetodon auriga Forsskål, 1775SR, RFALC[2000]Chaetodon baronessa Cuvier, 1829SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Chaetodon lineolatus Cuvier, 1831SR, RFALC[2000]Chaetodon lunulatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825SR, RFALC[2001]Chaetodon octofasciatus Bloch, 1787SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Chaetodon trifascialis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825SR, RFANT[2000]Chaetodon trifasciatus Park, 1797SR, RFAVU[2000]Chaetodon wiebeli Kaup, 1863SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Chelmon rostratus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Chelmon rostratum]Coradion chrysozonus (Cuvier, 1831)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFAVU[2000, s: Heniochus accuminatu; 2001, s: Heniochus acuminiatus]Heniochus varius (Cuvier, 1829)SR, RFALC[2000]Family LABRIDAE (Wrasse)Bodianus diana (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000]Bodianus mesothorax (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Cheilinus chlorourus (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Cheilinus clorourus]Cheilinus fasciatus (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Cheilinus trilobatus Rüppell, 1835SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Cheilinus undulatus Rüppell, 1835SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningEN[2001]Choerodon schoenleinii (Valenciennes, 1839)SR, RFANT[2000]Diproctacanthus xanthurus (Bleeker, 1856)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]* ± Epibulus brevis Carlson, Randall & Dawson, 2008SR, RFALC[2019]Epibulus insidiator (Pallas, 1770)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Gomphosus varius Lacepède, 1801SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]± Halichoeres bicolor (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFALC[2019]Halichoeres biocellatus Schultz, 1960SR, RFALC[2000]Halichoeres chloropterus (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Halichoeres dussumieri (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFALC[2001]* ± Halichoeres erdmanni Randall & Allen, 2010SR, RFA[2019]Halichoeres hortulanus (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Halichoeres leucurus (Walbaum, 1792)SR, RFALC[2000, s: Halichoeres purpurascens; 2019]Halichoeres marginatus Rüppell, 1835]SR, RFAVU[2000, 2001]Halichoeres melanochir Fowler & Bean, 1928SR, RFALC[2000]Halichoeres melanurus (Bleeker, 1851)SR, RFALC[2001]± Halichoeres nebulosus (Valenciennes, 1839)SR, RFALC[2019]Halichoeres prosopeion (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000]* ± Halichoeres richmondi Fowler & Bean, 1928SR, RFALC[2019]Halichoeres scapularis (Bennett, 1832)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001].Halichoeres vrolikii (Bleeker, 1855)SR, RFALC[2000]Hemigymnus melapterus (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Labrichthys unilineatus (Guichenot, 1847)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Labroides dimidiatus (Valenciennes, 1839)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Leptojulis cyanopleura (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000]Macropharyngodon meleagris (Valenciennes, 1839)SR, RFALC[2000]Oxycheilinus celebicus (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000]Oxycheilinus digramma (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Oxychelinius diagrammus; 2019]Oxycheilinus mentalis (Rüppell, 1828)SR, RFALC[2001, s: Oxychelinius mentalis]Oxycheilinus orientalis (Günther, 1862)SR, RFALC[2000]Oxycheilinus sp.SR, RFA[2001, s: Oxychelinius sp]Paracheilinus filamentosus Allen, 1974SR, RFALC[2000, s: Paracheilinus filamentous]Pseudocheilinus evanidus J ordan & Evermann, 1903SR, RFALC[2000, s: Pseudocheilinus evanide]Pteragogus cryptus Randall, 1981SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Stethojulis bandanensis (Bleeker, 1851)SR, RFALC[2000]± Stethojulis interrupta (Bleeker, 1851)SR, RFALC[2019]Stethojulis trilineata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000]Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Family PINGUIPEDIDAE (Sandperch)Parapercis snyderi Jordan & Starks, 1905SR, RFA[2000, 2019]Parapercis xanthozona (Bleeker, 1849)SR, RFA[2000, 2019]Family POMACENTRIDAE (Damselfish)Abudefduf bengalensis (Bloch, 1787)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Abudefduf notatus (Day, 1870)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Abudefduf septemfasciatus (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2000]Abudefduf sexfasciatus (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFA[2001, 2019]Abudefduf sordidus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Abudefduf vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Amblyglyphidodon aureus (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Amblyglyphidodon curacao (Bloch, 1787)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster (Bleeker, 1847)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Amblyglyphidodon sp.[2001]Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett, 1830)SR, RFAEN[2000, 2001, 2019]Amphiprion frenatus Brevoort, 1856SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Amphiprion melanopus Bleeker, 1852SR, RFALC[2001]Amphiprion ocellaris Cuvier, 1830SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2019]Amphiprion perideraion Bleeker, 1855SR, RFA[2000, 2001, s: Amphiprion periderion; 2019]Cheiloprion labiatus (Day, 1870)SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Chromis atripectoralis Welander & Schultz, 1951SR, RFA[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Cromis atripectoralis]Chromis lepidolepis Bleeker, 1877.SR, RFA[2000, s: Chromis lepidolepsis]Chromis ternatensis (Bleeker, 1856)SR, RFA[2000]± Chromis viridis (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2019]Chromis weberi Fowler & Bean, 1928SR, RFA[2000, s: Chromis weberii]Chrysiptera leucopoma (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2001]Dascyllus reticulatus (Richardson, 1846)SR, RFA[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Dascyllus reticulates]Dascyllus trimaculatus (Rüppell, 1829)SR, RFAVU[2000, 2001, 2019]Dischistodus chrysopoecilus (Bleeker, 1858)SR, RFA[2001, s: Dischistodus chrysopaecilus]Dischistodus melanotus (Bleeker, 1858)SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2019]Dischistodus perspicillatus (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Dischistodus perspiciliatus]Hemiglyphidodon plagiometopon (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFA[2000, s: Hemiglyphidodon plagiometapon; 2001, s: Hemiglyphidodon plagiometopodon]Neoglyphidodon melas (Valenciennes, 1830)SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2019]Neoglyphidodon nigroris (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2001]Neoglyphidodon oxyodon (Bleeker, 1858)SR, RFA[2000]Neoglyphidodon thoracotaeniatus (Fowler & Bean, 1928)SR, RFA[2000]Neopomacentrus anabatoides (Bleeker, 1847)SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Neopomacentrus azysron (Bleeker, 1877)SR, RFA[2000, s: Neopomacentrus azyros]Neopomacentrus cyanomos (Bleeker, 1856)SR, RFAVU[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Neopomacentrus cyanomus]Neopomacentrus violascens (Bleeker, 1848)SR, RFA[2001]Plectroglyphidodon lacrymatus (Quoy & Gaimard 1825)SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Pomacentrus alexanderae Evermann & Seale, 1907SR, RFA[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Pomacentrus alexandrae]± Pomacentrus armillatus Allen, 1993SR, RFA[2019]Pomacentrus bankanensis Bleeker, 1854SR, RFA[2001]Pomacentrus bintanensis Allen, 1999SR, RFA[2001]Pomacentrus chrysurus Cuvier, 1830SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Pomacentrus coelestis Jordan & Starks, 1901SR, RFA[2000, s: Pomacentrus coelestris; 2001, 2019]Pomacentrus grammorhynchus Fowler, 1918SR, RFA[2000; 2001, s: Pomacentrus gymmnorhynchus]Pomacentrus lepidogenys Fowler & Bean, 1928.SR, RFA[2000]Pomacentrus moluccensis Bleeker, 1853SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2019]Pomacentrus philippinus Evermann & Seale, 1907SR, RFA[2000, 2001]± Pomacentrus simsiang Bleeker, 1856SR, RFA[2019]Pomacentrus tripunctatus Cuvier, 1830SR, RFA[2011, 2019]Stegestes lividus (Forster, 1801)SR, RFA[2001, s: Stagestes lividus]Family SCARIDAE (Parrotfish)Bolbometopon muricatum (Valenciennes, 1840)SR, RFAVU[2000, 2001, 2019]Chlorurus bleekeri (de Beaufort, 1940)SR, RFALC[2001, s: Scarus bleekeri; 2019]± Chlorurus capistratoides (Bleeker, 1847)SR, RFALC[2019]Chlorurus sordidus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningVU[2001, s: Scarus sordidus; 2019]* ± Scarus caudofasciatus (Günther, 1862)SR, RFALC[2019]Scarus ghobban Forsskål, 1775SR, RFAEN[2000, 2001, 2019]Scarus niger Forsskål, 1775SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Scarus prasiognathos Valenciennes, 1840SR, RFALC[2001, s: Scarus prasiognathus; 2019]Scarus psittacus Forsskål, 1775SR, RFADD[2011, 2019]Scarus quoyi Valenciennes, 1840SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Scarus rivulatus Valenciennes, 1840SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Scarus rubroviolaceus Bleeker, 1847SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Scarus schlegeli (Bleeker, 1861)SR, RFALC[2001]Scarus tricolor Bleeker, 1847SR, RFALC[2000]Scaridae sp.[2000]Family SCORPAENIDAE (Scoprionfish)Pterois russellii Bennett, 1831SR, RFAVenomous[2011, 2019]Family SPHYRAENIDAE (Barracuda)Sphyraena barracuda (Edwards, 1771)SR, RFATraumatogenicLC[2000, 2019]Sphyraena flavicauda Rüppell, 1838SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Sphyraena jello Cuvier, 1829SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]± Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier, 1829SR, RFALC[2019]Sphyraena qenie Klunzinger, 1870SR, RFALC[2000, s: Sphyraena quenie]Family SYNANCEIIDAE (Stonefish)Inimicus didactylus (Pallas, 1769).CS, RFAVenomous[2011, 2019]Order SyngnathiformesFamily CENTRISCIDAE (Shrimpfish, Razorfish)Aeoliscus strigatus (Günther, 1861)SR, RFADD[2001]Order TetraodontiformesFamily BALISTIDAE (Triggerfish)Balistapus undulatus (Park, 1797)SR, RFATraumatogenic.[2000]Balistoides viridescens (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoning[2000; 2001, s: Balistiodes viridescens]Melichthys vidua (Richardson, 1845)SR, RFA[2001]Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus (Rüppell, 1829)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoning[2000; 2001]Sufflamen bursa (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFA[2000]Family BELONIDAE (Needlefish)Strongylura incisa (Valenciennes, 1846)SR, RFA[2000]Tylosurus crocodilus (Péron & Lesueur, 1821)SR, RFATraumatogenicLC[2001]Family DIODONTIDAE (Porcupinefish)Diodon hystrix Linnaeus, 1758RFAPoisonous to eatLC[2000, 2019]Diodon liturosus Shaw, 1804RFAReports of ciguatera poisoning[2000, 2019]Family MONACANTHIDAE (Filefish, Leatherjacket)Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, s: Aluterus monoceres; 2019]Aluterus scriptus (Osbeck, 1765)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000; 2001, s: Aluteres scriptus]Cantherhines dumerilii (Hollard, 1854)SR, RFALC[2000]Family OSTRACIIDAE (Squared)Ostracion cubicus Linnaeus, 1758SR, RFA.LC[2000, 2001, 2019]Family TETRAODONTIDAE (Pufferfish)± Arothron mappa (Lesson, 1831)SR, RFAPoisonous to eatLC[2019]Arothron nigropunctatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFAPoisonous to eatLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Arothron stellatus (Anonymous, 1798)SR, RFAPoisonous to eatLC[2000, 2001, 2019]

Table 1. Checklist of marine fishes of Redang archipelagoSubclass, Order, Family, Genus and speciesHabitat typesThreat to humansIUCN statusOther remarksElasmobranchiiOrder CarcharhiniformesFamily CARCHARHINIDAE (Requiem shark)Carcharhinus melanopterus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)PEL, RFATraumatogenicNT[2000, 2001, 2019]Triaenodon obesus (Rüppell, 1837)PEL, RFATraumatogenicNT[2000]Order OrectolobiformesFamily GINGLYMOSTOMATIDAE (Nurse shark)Nebrius ferrugineus (Lesson, 1831)CS, RFATraumatogenicVU[2000]Order MyliobatiformesFamily DASYATIDAE (Stingray)Himantura sp.[2000]Taeniura lymma (Forsskål, 1775)RFAVenomousNT[2000; 2001, 2011, 2019]ActinopteriOrder AcanthuriformesFamily ACANTHURIDAE (Surgeonfish)Acanthurus dussumieri Valenciennes, 1835SR, RFALC[2000]Acanthurus lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFAVenomous[2000]Acanthurus sp.LC[2001]Naso lituratus (Forster, 1801)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001]Naso unicornis (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Family POMACANTHIDAE (Angelfish)Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus (Bloch, 1787)RFALC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Chaetodontoplus mesoleucas]Pomacanthus annularis (Bloch, 1787)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2011, 2019]± Pomacanthus imperator (Bloch, 1787)SRLC[2019]Pomacanthus sexstriatus (Cuvier, 1831)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Pomacanthus xanthometopon (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000]Family SIGANIDAE (Rabbitfish)Siganus argenteus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000]Siganus canaliculatus (Park, 1797)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2001]Siganus corallinus (Valenciennes, 1835)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Siganus guttatus (Bloch, 1787)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Siganus javus (Linnaeus, 1766)SR, RFAVenomousDD[2011, 2019]Siganus puellus (Schlegel, 1852)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001]Siganus punctatus (Schneider & Forster, 1801)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2011, 2019]Siganus spinus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000]Siganus vermiculatus (Valenciennes, 1835SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001]Siganus virgatus (Valenciennes, 1835)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Siganus vulpinus (Schlegel & Müller, 1845)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Siganus vulpinis]Family ZANCLIDAE (Moorishn idol)Zanclus cornutus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFALC[2000; 2001, s: Zinclus cornutus]Order AcropomatiformesFamily PEMPHERIDAE (Sweeper)Pempheris oualensis Cuvier, 1831SR, RFA[2000; 2019]Pempheris schwenkii Cuvier, 1855SR, RFA[2000]Pempheris vanicolensis Bleeker, 1877SR, RFA[2001]Order AnguilliformesFamily MURAENIDAE (Moray eel)± Gymnothorax fimbriatus (Bennett, 1832)SR, RFALC[2019]Gymnothorax javanicus Bloch & Schneider, 1801SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2019]Order AulopiformesFamily SYNODONTIDAE (Lizardfishes)Synodus variegatus (Lacepède, 1803)CS, RFALC[2001, 2019]Synodus sp.[2000]Order BeloniformesFamily HEMIRAMPHIDAE (Halfbeaks)Hemiramphus sp.[2001]Hyporhamphus affinis (Güther, 1866)SR, PEL[2001, s: Hyporhampus affinis]Order BlenniiformesFamily BLENNIIDAE (Blennies)± Aspidontus taeniatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1834SR, RFALC[2019]Atrosalarias fuscus (Rüppell, 1838)SR, RFALC[2000]Ecsenius bicolor (Day, 1888)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Ecsenius lineatus Klausewitz, 1962SR, RFALC[2000]Ecsenius yaeyamaensis (Aoyagi, 1954)SR, RFALC[2000]Meiacanthus grammistes (Valenciennes, 1836)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2000]Plagoitremus rhinorhynchos (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFA[2001, s: Plagoitremus rhinorhincus]Salarias sp.[2001]Family TRIPTERYGIIDAE (Threefin, triplefin blennies)Helcogramma striata Hansen, 1986SR, RFALC[2011, 2019]Order CentrarchiformesFamily KYPHOSIDAE (Rudderfish)Kyphosus cinerascens (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAPoisonous to eatDD[2001]Kyphosus sp.[2000]Family TERAPONTIDAE (Grunts, tigerperches)Terapon jarbua (Forsskål, 1775)CS, DEMLC[2001]Order GobiesociformesFamily GOBIESOCIDAE (Clingfish)± Diademichthys lineatus (Sauvage, 1883)SR, RFALC[2019]Order GobiiformesFamily GOBIIDAE (Gobies)± Amblyeleotris rubrimarginata Mohlmann & Randall, 2002SR, RFA[2019]Amblyeleotris steinitzi (Klausewitz, 1974)SR, RFALC[2001]Amblygobius phalaena (Valenciennes, 1837)SR, RFA[2001]Cryptocentrus cinctus (Herre, 1936)SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Ctenogobiops pomastictus Lubbock & Polunin, 1977SR, RFA[2001, s: Ctenogobius pomastictus]* ± Ctenogobiops mitodes Randall, Shao & Chen, 2007SR, RFA[2019]± Eviota sebreei Jordan & Seale, 1906SR, RFALC[2019]± Exyrias bellissimus (Smith, 1959)SR, RFALC[2019]Istigobius decoratus (Herre, 1927)SR, RFALC[2001]Istigobius goldmanni (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFA[2011, 2019]Istigobius nigroocellatus (Günther, 1873)SR, RFA[2011, 2019]Valenciennea longipinnis (Lay & Bennett, 1839)SR, RFA[2001]Valenciennea muralis (Valenciennes, 1837)SR, RFALC[2001]Valenciennea sexguttata (Valenciennes, 1837)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Family MICRODESMIDAE (Dartfish)Gunnelichthys monostigma Smith, 1958SR, RFA[2000]Order GonorynchiformesFamily CHANIDAE (Milkfish)Chanos chanos (Forsskål, 1775)CS, RFA[2001]Order HolocentriformesFamily HOLOCENTRIDAE (Soldier, squirrelfish)± Myripristis hexagona (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2019]Myripristis kuntee Valenciennes, 1831.SR, RFALC[2001, s: Myriptis kuntee]Myripristis murdjan (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]± Sargocentron cornutum (Bleeker, 1854)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2019]Sargocentron rubrum (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAVenomousLC[2011, 2019]Sargocentron praslin (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2000]Sargocentron sp.[2001]Order MugiliformesFamily MUGILIDAE (Mullet)Crenemugil crenilabis (Forsskål, 1775)CS, RFA[2001]Order Perciformes sedis mutablisFamily APOGONIDAE (Cardinalfishes)Apogon aureus (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFA[2001]Cheilodipterus artus Smith, 1961SR, RFA[2000]Cheilodipterus intermedius Gon, 1993SR, RFA[2001]Cheilodipterus macrodon (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2000; 2001, m: Cheilodipterus heptaxona, s: Cheilodipterus microdon; 2019]Cheilodipterus quinquelineatus Cuvier, 1828SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2011, 2019]Ostorhinchus chrysopomus (Bleeker 1854)SR[2001, s: Apogon crysopomus]Ostorhinchus compressus (Smith & Radcliffe, 1911)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Apogon compressus; 2019]Ostorhinchus cookii (Macleay, 1881)SR, RFADD[2000, s: Ostorhinchus cookie]Ostorhinchus cyanosoma (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Apogon cyanosoma]± Ostorhinchus wassinki (Bleeker, 1860)SR, RFA[2019]Pristicon rhodopterus (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFA[2001, s: Apogon rhodopterus]Taeniamia fucata (Cantor, 1849)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Archaima fucata; 2019]Taeniamia macroptera (Cuvier, 1828)SR, RFA[2001, s: Archaima macroptera; 2019]Taeniamia zosterophora (Bleeker, 1856)SR, RFA[2000, s: Archamia zoesterophora; 2001, s: Cheilodipterus zosterophora; 2019]Family CAESIONIDAE (Fusilier)Caesio caerulaurea Lacepède, 1801SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Caesio cuning (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000]Caesio teres Seale, 1906SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Caesio xanthonota Bleeker, 1853SR, RFALC[2001, s: Caesio xanthonata]Pterocaesio chrysozona (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000]Pterocaesio marri Schultz, 1953SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Family CARANGIDAE (Jack, pompanos)Alepes melanoptera (Swainson, 1839)PELLC[2011, 2019]Alepes sp.[2001]Carangoides bajad (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Carangoides chrysophrys (Cuvier, 1833)SR, RFA[2000, s: Carangoides chrysophys]Carangoides gymnostethus (Cuvier, 1833)SR, RFADD[2000]Caranx melampygus Cuvier, 1833SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Caranx sexfasciatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825SR, RFA[2000]Caranx tille Cuvier, 1833SR, RFA[2000]Elagatis bipinnulata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Gnathanodon speciosus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Scomberoides lysan (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2001]Selaroides leptolepis (Cuvier, 1833)SR, RFALC[2011, 2019]Trachinotus bailloni (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Trachinotus blochii (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Family ECHENEIDAE (Remoras)Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758RFADD[2000, 2019]Family EPHIPPIDAE (Spadefishes)Platax teira (Forsskål, 1775)CS, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Platax sp.[2000]Family GERREIDAE (Mojarrs)Gerres oyena (Forsskål, 1775)CS, RFALC[2001]Family HAEMULIDAE (Sweetlips)Plectorhinchus albovittatus (Rüppell, 1838)SR, RFA[2000]± Pletorhinchus chaetodonoides Lacepède, 1801SR, RFA[2019]Plectorhinchus chrysotaenia (Bleeker, 1855)SR, RFA[2001, s: Plectorhinchus celebicus]Plectorhinchus gibbosus (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Plectorhinchus lessonii (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2000, s: Plectorhinchus lessoni]Plectorhinchus vittatus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFALC[2000]Family LETHRINIDAE (Emperors)Lethrinus erythropterus Valenciennes, 1830SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Lethrinus microdon Valenciennes, 1830SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Lethrinus olivaceus Valenciennes, 1830SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Lethrinus ornatus Valenciennes, 1830SR, RFALC[2000]Lethrinus sp.[2001]Family LUTJANIDAE (Snapper)Lutjanus argentimaculatus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Lutjanus bohar (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Lutjanus decussatus (Cuvier, 1828)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Lutjanus fulviflamma (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]Lutjanus johnii (Bloch, 1792)SR, RFALC[2000]Lutjanus kasmira (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000]Lutjanus lutjanus Bloch, 1790SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Lutjanus quinquelineatus (Bloch, 1790)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Lutjanus russellii (Bleeker, 1849)SR, RFALC[2001, s: Lutjanus russelli; 2019]Lutjanus vitta (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Macolor niger (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Family MONODACTYLIDAE (Monos, Moonyfishes)Monodactylus argenteus (Linnaeus, 1758)CS, PELDD[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Monodactylus argentius]Family MULLIDAE (Goatfish)Mulloidichthys flavolineatus (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFADD[2000]Parupeneus ciliatus (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2000]Parupeneus indicus (Shaw, 1803)SR, RFALC[2000]Upeneus tragula Richardson, 1846CS, RFALC[2000, 2019]Family NEMIPTERIDAE (Threadfin breams)Pentapodus caninus (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Pentapodus emeryii (Richardson, 1843)SR, RFALC[2000]Scolopsis affinis Peters, 1877SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019].Scolopsis bilineata (Bloch, 1793)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Scolopsis bilineatus; 2019]Scolopsis ciliata (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Scolopsis ciliates; 2019]Scolopsis lineata Quoy & Gaimard, 1824SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Scolopsis lineatus; 2019]Scolopsis margaritifer (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Scolopsis margaritifera]Scolopsis monogramma (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2011, 2019]Scolopsis trilineata Kner, 1868SR, RFALC[2001, s: Scolopsis trilineatus]Scolopsis vosmeri (Bloch, 1792)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Family PRIACANTHIDAE (Bigeyes)Priacanthus blochii Bleeker, 1853SR, RFALC[2000]Priacanthus hamrur (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000]Family PSEUDOCHROMIDAE (Dottyback)Pseudochromis fuscus Müller & Troschel, 1849SR, RFALC[2001, s: Pseudocromis fuscus]Family SERRANIDAE (Grouper)Aethaloperca rogaa (Forsskål, 1775).SR, RFALC[2000]Cephalopholis boenack (Bloch, 1790)SR, RFA[2001, 2019]Cephalopholis cyanostigma (Valenciennes, 1828)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Cephalopholis formosa (Shaw, 1812)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019; 2001, s: Cephalopholis formosus]Cephalopholis microprion (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFALC[2001]Cephalopholis miniata (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2000]Diploprion bifasciatum Cuvier, 1828SR, RFALC[2001]Epinephelus fasciatus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Ephinephelus fasciatus]Epinephelus fuscoguttatus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningVU[2001, s: Ephinephelus fuscoguttatus]Epinephelus ongus (Bloch, 1790)SR, RFALC[2001, s: Ephinephelus ongus]Epinephelus polyphekadion (Bleeker, 1849)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningVU[2000]Epinephelus quoyanus (Valenciennes, 1830)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2001, s: Ephinephelus quoyanus; 2019]Plectropomus areolatus (Rüppell, 1830)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningVU[2000, s: Plectropomus aerolatus]Plectropomus leopardus (Lacepède, 1802)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Plectropomus maculatus (Bloch, 1790)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Order PerciformesFamily CHAETODONTIDAE (Butterflyfish)Chaetodon adiergastos Seale, 1910SR, RFALC[2000]Chaetodon auriga Forsskål, 1775SR, RFALC[2000]Chaetodon baronessa Cuvier, 1829SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Chaetodon lineolatus Cuvier, 1831SR, RFALC[2000]Chaetodon lunulatus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825SR, RFALC[2001]Chaetodon octofasciatus Bloch, 1787SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Chaetodon trifascialis Quoy & Gaimard, 1825SR, RFANT[2000]Chaetodon trifasciatus Park, 1797SR, RFAVU[2000]Chaetodon wiebeli Kaup, 1863SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Chelmon rostratus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Chelmon rostratum]Coradion chrysozonus (Cuvier, 1831)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Heniochus acuminatus (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFAVU[2000, s: Heniochus accuminatu; 2001, s: Heniochus acuminiatus]Heniochus varius (Cuvier, 1829)SR, RFALC[2000]Family LABRIDAE (Wrasse)Bodianus diana (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000]Bodianus mesothorax (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Cheilinus chlorourus (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Cheilinus clorourus]Cheilinus fasciatus (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Cheilinus trilobatus Rüppell, 1835SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Cheilinus undulatus Rüppell, 1835SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningEN[2001]Choerodon schoenleinii (Valenciennes, 1839)SR, RFANT[2000]Diproctacanthus xanthurus (Bleeker, 1856)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]* ± Epibulus brevis Carlson, Randall & Dawson, 2008SR, RFALC[2019]Epibulus insidiator (Pallas, 1770)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001]Gomphosus varius Lacepède, 1801SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]± Halichoeres bicolor (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFALC[2019]Halichoeres biocellatus Schultz, 1960SR, RFALC[2000]Halichoeres chloropterus (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Halichoeres dussumieri (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFALC[2001]* ± Halichoeres erdmanni Randall & Allen, 2010SR, RFA[2019]Halichoeres hortulanus (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Halichoeres leucurus (Walbaum, 1792)SR, RFALC[2000, s: Halichoeres purpurascens; 2019]Halichoeres marginatus Rüppell, 1835]SR, RFAVU[2000, 2001]Halichoeres melanochir Fowler & Bean, 1928SR, RFALC[2000]Halichoeres melanurus (Bleeker, 1851)SR, RFALC[2001]± Halichoeres nebulosus (Valenciennes, 1839)SR, RFALC[2019]Halichoeres prosopeion (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000]* ± Halichoeres richmondi Fowler & Bean, 1928SR, RFALC[2019]Halichoeres scapularis (Bennett, 1832)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001].Halichoeres vrolikii (Bleeker, 1855)SR, RFALC[2000]Hemigymnus melapterus (Bloch, 1791)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Labrichthys unilineatus (Guichenot, 1847)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Labroides dimidiatus (Valenciennes, 1839)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Leptojulis cyanopleura (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000]Macropharyngodon meleagris (Valenciennes, 1839)SR, RFALC[2000]Oxycheilinus celebicus (Bleeker, 1853)SR, RFALC[2000]Oxycheilinus digramma (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, s: Oxychelinius diagrammus; 2019]Oxycheilinus mentalis (Rüppell, 1828)SR, RFALC[2001, s: Oxychelinius mentalis]Oxycheilinus orientalis (Günther, 1862)SR, RFALC[2000]Oxycheilinus sp.SR, RFA[2001, s: Oxychelinius sp]Paracheilinus filamentosus Allen, 1974SR, RFALC[2000, s: Paracheilinus filamentous]Pseudocheilinus evanidus J ordan & Evermann, 1903SR, RFALC[2000, s: Pseudocheilinus evanide]Pteragogus cryptus Randall, 1981SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Stethojulis bandanensis (Bleeker, 1851)SR, RFALC[2000]± Stethojulis interrupta (Bleeker, 1851)SR, RFALC[2019]Stethojulis trilineata (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Thalassoma hardwicke (Bennett, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000]Thalassoma lunare (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Family PINGUIPEDIDAE (Sandperch)Parapercis snyderi Jordan & Starks, 1905SR, RFA[2000, 2019]Parapercis xanthozona (Bleeker, 1849)SR, RFA[2000, 2019]Family POMACENTRIDAE (Damselfish)Abudefduf bengalensis (Bloch, 1787)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Abudefduf notatus (Day, 1870)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001]Abudefduf septemfasciatus (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2000]Abudefduf sexfasciatus (Lacepède, 1801)SR, RFA[2001, 2019]Abudefduf sordidus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Abudefduf vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Amblyglyphidodon aureus (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Amblyglyphidodon curacao (Bloch, 1787)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Amblyglyphidodon leucogaster (Bleeker, 1847)SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Amblyglyphidodon sp.[2001]Amphiprion clarkii (Bennett, 1830)SR, RFAEN[2000, 2001, 2019]Amphiprion frenatus Brevoort, 1856SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Amphiprion melanopus Bleeker, 1852SR, RFALC[2001]Amphiprion ocellaris Cuvier, 1830SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2019]Amphiprion perideraion Bleeker, 1855SR, RFA[2000, 2001, s: Amphiprion periderion; 2019]Cheiloprion labiatus (Day, 1870)SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Chromis atripectoralis Welander & Schultz, 1951SR, RFA[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Cromis atripectoralis]Chromis lepidolepis Bleeker, 1877.SR, RFA[2000, s: Chromis lepidolepsis]Chromis ternatensis (Bleeker, 1856)SR, RFA[2000]± Chromis viridis (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2019]Chromis weberi Fowler & Bean, 1928SR, RFA[2000, s: Chromis weberii]Chrysiptera leucopoma (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2001]Dascyllus reticulatus (Richardson, 1846)SR, RFA[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Dascyllus reticulates]Dascyllus trimaculatus (Rüppell, 1829)SR, RFAVU[2000, 2001, 2019]Dischistodus chrysopoecilus (Bleeker, 1858)SR, RFA[2001, s: Dischistodus chrysopaecilus]Dischistodus melanotus (Bleeker, 1858)SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2019]Dischistodus perspicillatus (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Dischistodus perspiciliatus]Hemiglyphidodon plagiometopon (Bleeker, 1852)SR, RFA[2000, s: Hemiglyphidodon plagiometapon; 2001, s: Hemiglyphidodon plagiometopodon]Neoglyphidodon melas (Valenciennes, 1830)SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2019]Neoglyphidodon nigroris (Cuvier, 1830)SR, RFA[2001]Neoglyphidodon oxyodon (Bleeker, 1858)SR, RFA[2000]Neoglyphidodon thoracotaeniatus (Fowler & Bean, 1928)SR, RFA[2000]Neopomacentrus anabatoides (Bleeker, 1847)SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Neopomacentrus azysron (Bleeker, 1877)SR, RFA[2000, s: Neopomacentrus azyros]Neopomacentrus cyanomos (Bleeker, 1856)SR, RFAVU[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Neopomacentrus cyanomus]Neopomacentrus violascens (Bleeker, 1848)SR, RFA[2001]Plectroglyphidodon lacrymatus (Quoy & Gaimard 1825)SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Pomacentrus alexanderae Evermann & Seale, 1907SR, RFA[2000, 2019; 2001, s: Pomacentrus alexandrae]± Pomacentrus armillatus Allen, 1993SR, RFA[2019]Pomacentrus bankanensis Bleeker, 1854SR, RFA[2001]Pomacentrus bintanensis Allen, 1999SR, RFA[2001]Pomacentrus chrysurus Cuvier, 1830SR, RFA[2000, 2001]Pomacentrus coelestis Jordan & Starks, 1901SR, RFA[2000, s: Pomacentrus coelestris; 2001, 2019]Pomacentrus grammorhynchus Fowler, 1918SR, RFA[2000; 2001, s: Pomacentrus gymmnorhynchus]Pomacentrus lepidogenys Fowler & Bean, 1928.SR, RFA[2000]Pomacentrus moluccensis Bleeker, 1853SR, RFA[2000, 2001, 2019]Pomacentrus philippinus Evermann & Seale, 1907SR, RFA[2000, 2001]± Pomacentrus simsiang Bleeker, 1856SR, RFA[2019]Pomacentrus tripunctatus Cuvier, 1830SR, RFA[2011, 2019]Stegestes lividus (Forster, 1801)SR, RFA[2001, s: Stagestes lividus]Family SCARIDAE (Parrotfish)Bolbometopon muricatum (Valenciennes, 1840)SR, RFAVU[2000, 2001, 2019]Chlorurus bleekeri (de Beaufort, 1940)SR, RFALC[2001, s: Scarus bleekeri; 2019]± Chlorurus capistratoides (Bleeker, 1847)SR, RFALC[2019]Chlorurus sordidus (Forsskål, 1775)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningVU[2001, s: Scarus sordidus; 2019]* ± Scarus caudofasciatus (Günther, 1862)SR, RFALC[2019]Scarus ghobban Forsskål, 1775SR, RFAEN[2000, 2001, 2019]Scarus niger Forsskål, 1775SR, RFALC[2000, 2001, 2019]Scarus prasiognathos Valenciennes, 1840SR, RFALC[2001, s: Scarus prasiognathus; 2019]Scarus psittacus Forsskål, 1775SR, RFADD[2011, 2019]Scarus quoyi Valenciennes, 1840SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Scarus rivulatus Valenciennes, 1840SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Scarus rubroviolaceus Bleeker, 1847SR, RFALC[2001, 2019]Scarus schlegeli (Bleeker, 1861)SR, RFALC[2001]Scarus tricolor Bleeker, 1847SR, RFALC[2000]Scaridae sp.[2000]Family SCORPAENIDAE (Scoprionfish)Pterois russellii Bennett, 1831SR, RFAVenomous[2011, 2019]Family SPHYRAENIDAE (Barracuda)Sphyraena barracuda (Edwards, 1771)SR, RFATraumatogenicLC[2000, 2019]Sphyraena flavicauda Rüppell, 1838SR, RFALC[2000, 2019]Sphyraena jello Cuvier, 1829SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000]± Sphyraena obtusata Cuvier, 1829SR, RFALC[2019]Sphyraena qenie Klunzinger, 1870SR, RFALC[2000, s: Sphyraena quenie]Family SYNANCEIIDAE (Stonefish)Inimicus didactylus (Pallas, 1769).CS, RFAVenomous[2011, 2019]Order SyngnathiformesFamily CENTRISCIDAE (Shrimpfish, Razorfish)Aeoliscus strigatus (Günther, 1861)SR, RFADD[2001]Order TetraodontiformesFamily BALISTIDAE (Triggerfish)Balistapus undulatus (Park, 1797)SR, RFATraumatogenic.[2000]Balistoides viridescens (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoning[2000; 2001, s: Balistiodes viridescens]Melichthys vidua (Richardson, 1845)SR, RFA[2001]Pseudobalistes flavimarginatus (Rüppell, 1829)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoning[2000; 2001]Sufflamen bursa (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFA[2000]Family BELONIDAE (Needlefish)Strongylura incisa (Valenciennes, 1846)SR, RFA[2000]Tylosurus crocodilus (Péron & Lesueur, 1821)SR, RFATraumatogenicLC[2001]Family DIODONTIDAE (Porcupinefish)Diodon hystrix Linnaeus, 1758RFAPoisonous to eatLC[2000, 2019]Diodon liturosus Shaw, 1804RFAReports of ciguatera poisoning[2000, 2019]Family MONACANTHIDAE (Filefish, Leatherjacket)Aluterus monoceros (Linnaeus, 1758)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000, s: Aluterus monoceres; 2019]Aluterus scriptus (Osbeck, 1765)SR, RFAReports of ciguatera poisoningLC[2000; 2001, s: Aluteres scriptus]Cantherhines dumerilii (Hollard, 1854)SR, RFALC[2000]Family OSTRACIIDAE (Squared)Ostracion cubicus Linnaeus, 1758SR, RFA.LC[2000, 2001, 2019]Family TETRAODONTIDAE (Pufferfish)± Arothron mappa (Lesson, 1831)SR, RFAPoisonous to eatLC[2019]Arothron nigropunctatus (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)SR, RFAPoisonous to eatLC[2000, 2001, 2019]Arothron stellatus (Anonymous, 1798)SR, RFAPoisonous to eatLC[2000, 2001, 2019]