Describing an unfamiliar face can impede its later recognition. This phenomenon, known as the verbal overshadowing effect, is one of the most problematic issues affecting eyewitness testimony. This study examined whether generating a name for a target face could mitigate VOE and enhance lineup identification accuracy. Participants were assigned to one of four face naming conditions: (a) immediately after viewing the target person, (b) just before describing the target face, (c) prior to the identification task, or (d) no face naming (control). Results showed that participants who generated a name immediately before describing the face showed significantly higher identification accuracy than those in other naming conditions or the control group. Face naming appears to strengthen familiarity, making facial representation more robust against the disruptive effects of verbalization. These findings introduce the “face name generating effect” as a promising cognitive intervention for preserving the eyewitness memory integrity.

Describing an unfamiliar face can impede its later recognition. This phenomenon, known as the verbal overshadowing effect, is one of the most problematic issues affecting eyewitness testimony. This study examined whether generating a name for a target face could mitigate VOE and enhance lineup identification accuracy. Participants were assigned to one of four face naming conditions: (a) immediately after viewing the target person, (b) just before describing the target face, (c) prior to the identification task, or (d) no face naming (control). Results showed that participants who generated a name immediately before describing the face showed significantly higher identification accuracy than those in other naming conditions or the control group. Face naming appears to strengthen familiarity, making facial representation more robust against the disruptive effects of verbalization. These findings introduce the “face name generating effect” as a promising cognitive intervention for preserving the eyewitness memory integrity.

Describing an unfamiliar face can impede its later recognition. This phenomenon, known as the verbal overshadowing effect, is one of the most problematic issues affecting eyewitness testimony. This study examined whether generating a name for a target face could mitigate VOE and enhance lineup identification accuracy. Participants were assigned to one of four face naming conditions: (a) immediately after viewing the target person, (b) just before describing the target face, (c) prior to the identification task, or (d) no face naming (control). Results showed that participants who generated a name immediately before describing the face showed significantly higher identification accuracy than those in other naming conditions or the control group. Face naming appears to strengthen familiarity, making facial representation more robust against the disruptive effects of verbalization. These findings introduce the “face name generating effect” as a promising cognitive intervention for preserving the eyewitness memory integrity.

This study explored the relationship between attachment styles and humor styles. Using both dimensional and categorical approaches to assess attachment, we examined how attachment patterns relate to four humor styles (affiliative, self-enhancing, self-defeating, and aggressive). The results revealed significant associations between the two variables. Specifically, attachment anxiety was positively correlated with self-defeating humor and negatively with self-enhancing humor, while attachment avoidance was linked to aggressive humor. From a categorical perspective, fearful attachment was found to be associated with both aggressive and self-defeating humor, while preoccupied attachment was notably related to self-defeating humor. The study also validated the Relationship Scale Questionnaire among a sample of Tunisians (N = 162), thereby supporting the robustness of the two-dimensional attachment model through confirmatory factor analysis. However, cultural specificity of attachment patterns influenced the specific items that define each dimension, suggesting that humor, as an attachment-related behavior, could be shaped by sociocultural norms.

This study explored the relationship between attachment styles and humor styles. Using both dimensional and categorical approaches to assess attachment, we examined how attachment patterns relate to four humor styles (affiliative, self-enhancing, self-defeating, and aggressive). The results revealed significant associations between the two variables. Specifically, attachment anxiety was positively correlated with self-defeating humor and negatively with self-enhancing humor, while attachment avoidance was linked to aggressive humor. From a categorical perspective, fearful attachment was found to be associated with both aggressive and self-defeating humor, while preoccupied attachment was notably related to self-defeating humor. The study also validated the Relationship Scale Questionnaire among a sample of Tunisians (N = 162), thereby supporting the robustness of the two-dimensional attachment model through confirmatory factor analysis. However, cultural specificity of attachment patterns influenced the specific items that define each dimension, suggesting that humor, as an attachment-related behavior, could be shaped by sociocultural norms.

Describing an unfamiliar face can impede its later recognition. This phenomenon, known as the verbal overshadowing effect, is one of the most problematic issues affecting eyewitness testimony. This study examined whether generating a name for a target face could mitigate VOE and enhance lineup identification accuracy. Participants were assigned to one of four face naming conditions: (a) immediately after viewing the target person, (b) just before describing the target face, (c) prior to the identification task, or (d) no face naming (control). Results showed that participants who generated a name immediately before describing the face showed significantly higher identification accuracy than those in other naming conditions or the control group. Face naming appears to strengthen familiarity, making facial representation more robust against the disruptive effects of verbalization. These findings introduce the “face name generating effect” as a promising cognitive intervention for preserving the eyewitness memory integrity.

This study explored the relationship between attachment styles and humor styles. Using both dimensional and categorical approaches to assess attachment, we examined how attachment patterns relate to four humor styles (affiliative, self-enhancing, self-defeating, and aggressive). The results revealed significant associations between the two variables. Specifically, attachment anxiety was positively correlated with self-defeating humor and negatively with self-enhancing humor, while attachment avoidance was linked to aggressive humor. From a categorical perspective, fearful attachment was found to be associated with both aggressive and self-defeating humor, while preoccupied attachment was notably related to self-defeating humor. The study also validated the Relationship Scale Questionnaire among a sample of Tunisians (N = 162), thereby supporting the robustness of the two-dimensional attachment model through confirmatory factor analysis. However, cultural specificity of attachment patterns influenced the specific items that define each dimension, suggesting that humor, as an attachment-related behavior, could be shaped by sociocultural norms.