This dataset comprises of the data presented in the publication "The Chameleon Paradigm: An Effective Method for Masking Biological Motion Stimuli" and the codes for data analyses.In our previous study (Zhao & Bao, 2022), we introduced the Chameleon-1 paradigm—the first CFS-based approach to successfully achieve sustained masking (up to 10 s) of translational motion through precise spatiotemporal alignment of color dynamics between target and mask stimuli. Building on this foundation, the current study systematically refined and extended this paradigm through three carefully designed experiments.Experiment 1 comprehensively assessed Chameleon-1's efficacy across varying stimulus parameters, confirming its robust masking of translational motion while identifying specific limitations for biological motion (BM) stimuli. Experiment 2 addressed these limitations by developing Chameleon-2, an enhanced paradigm incorporating BM-specific spatiotemporal features, which demonstrated superior masking performance with breakthrough ratios of approximately 75% for upright and 45% for inverted BM stimuli during 10-second presentations. Finally, Experiment 3 employed Chameleon-2 in conjunction with functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to delineate distinct neural correlates of conscious versus unconscious BM processing, yielding novel insights into the neural mechanisms underlying visual awareness of BM stimuli.For details of the dataset, please see readme.txt in the root directory after unzipping.