Isotopic (nitrogen and carbon isotope ratio of sedimentary organic matter), geochemical (total organic carbon and total nitrogen content of sediment), and micropaleontological (Globigerina bulloides abundance) analyses were done in samples from a marine sediment core. This gravity-core was collected during the 274th cruise of the ORV Sagar Kanya from the Southeastern Arabian Sea. The chronology of the core is based on nine radiocarbon dates obtained using two species of planktic foraminifera (Globigerinoides ruber, Globigerinoides sacculifer; size range: 250–420 μm). It spans the last ~ 43 thousand years and the average resolution is ~150 years. For total organic carbon concentration and carbon isotope ratio estimation, carbonate was removed by treating the sample with 2N hydrochloric acid for 16 hours followed by centrifuging. Given the known problems of loss of nitrogen compounds from the sedimentary organic matter on acidification of samples, resulting in a bias in nitrogen content and nitrogen isotope ratios, untreated samples were used for their analysis. This data was used to study centennial-scale denitrification and productivity variability from the Southeastern Arabian Sea.

This composite report returns data from two different gas chromatograph configurations (GC3 and NGA). Each row combines data from several measurements made on the same sample at the same time for a particular headspace or vacutainer sample. If data do not exist for a particular expedition, the column does not appear. Gas samples were measured by gas chromatography and either flame ionization detection (GC-FID) or thermal conductivity detection (GC-TCD). Reported analytes may include methane, ethane, ethene, propane, propene, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-pentane, n-hexane, i-hexane, n-heptane, i-heptane, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide. When data are available, methane to (ethane + ethene) ratio (C1/C2ratio) is reported. To identify individual samples and tests, see each separate analysis (GC3, NGAFID, and/or NGATCD).

Gamma ray attenuation (GRA) data were acquired using a Cs-137 collimated source and a sodium iodide (thallium), or NaI(Tl), scintillation detector. The signal was calibrated using water and aluminum standards to provide a proxy for bulk density. This measurement was performed by a sensor mounted on either the Whole-Round Multisensor Logger (WRMSL) or the Special Task Multisensor Logger (STMSL); which track was used for a given data set is indicated in the data.

This composite report returns data from two different gas chromatograph configurations (GC3 and NGA). Each row combines data from several measurements made on the same sample at the same time for a particular headspace or vacutainer sample. If data do not exist for a particular expedition, the column does not appear. Gas samples were measured by gas chromatography and either flame ionization detection (GC-FID) or thermal conductivity detection (GC-TCD). Reported analytes may include methane, ethane, ethene, propane, propene, n-butane, i-butane, n-pentane, i-pentane, n-hexane, i-hexane, n-heptane, i-heptane, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen sulfide. When data are available, methane to (ethane + ethene) ratio (C1/C2ratio) is reported. To identify individual samples and tests, see each separate analysis (GC3, NGAFID, and/or NGATCD).

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to identify minerals and their proportions in sediment or hard rock sample powders on a Bruker AXS D4 Endeavor X-ray diffractometer. Results are returned as diffractograms in a viewable format (either PDF or PNG).

X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to identify minerals and their proportions in sediment or hard rock sample powders on a Bruker AXS D4 Endeavor X-ray diffractometer. Results are returned as diffractograms in a viewable format (either PDF or PNG).

Hard rock and sediment thin section images were acquired using either the JRSO-developed Petrographic Image Capture and Archival Tool (PICAT) imager or (rarely) an upright microscope and a digital camera. Sample images are acquired in unpolarized, polarized, and/or cross-polarized light. Image files are presented compressed by hole.

Hard rock and sediment thin section images were acquired using either the JRSO-developed Petrographic Image Capture and Archival Tool (PICAT) imager or (rarely) an upright microscope and a digital camera. Sample images are acquired in unpolarized, polarized, and/or cross-polarized light. Image files are presented compressed by hole.

Thermal conductivity was measured using the heated needle method in either full-space needle configuration (soft/saturated sediments) or half-space needle configuration (harder materials) of a TeKa Berlin TK-04 thermal conductivity meter. Heat is applied to the sample and then thermal equilibrium is sought. The heating and equilibration curve is reduced to derive the thermal conductivity value. Raw data are stored if a user wishes to do off-line or postexpedition reduction.

Thermal conductivity was measured using the heated needle method in either full-space needle configuration (soft/saturated sediments) or half-space needle configuration (harder materials) of a TeKa Berlin TK-04 thermal conductivity meter. Heat is applied to the sample and then thermal equilibrium is sought. The heating and equilibration curve is reduced to derive the thermal conductivity value. Raw data are stored if a user wishes to do off-line or postexpedition reduction.