This dataset combines species, community and remote sensing data to map groundwater-dependent vegetation (GDV) across the Mediterranean biome. It includes: a harmonised list of phreatophyte indicator species from literature and vegetation analysis (a_SPECIES); GBIF occurrence records of obligate phreatophytes; reclassified vegetation plots from the sPlot database building a unique training/validation dataset (b_VEGETATION_PLOTS-jittered); and eleven geospatial predictors (c_REMOTE_SENSING_GEODATA_GEE). Final outputs include biome-wide GDV maps, model performance metrics and variable importance (d_RESULTS_RF_GEE). Together, these resources constitute the first large-scale, high-resolution dataset for mapping GDV, supporting biodiversity conservation, groundwater management, and ecosystem assessment in drought-prone Mediterranean landscapes.

To decipher the long-term influences of pre-Columbian land occupations on contemporary forest structure, diversity and functioning in Amazonia, most of the previous research focused on the alluvial plains of the major rivers of the Amazon basin. Terra firme, i.e. non-flooded forests, particularly from the Guiana Shield, are yet to be explored. In this study, we aim to give new insights into the subtle traces of pre-Columbian influences on present-day forests given the archaeological context of terra firme forests of the Guiana Shield. Following archeological prospects on 13 sites in French Guiana, we carried out forest inventories inside and outside archaeological sites and assessed the potential pre-Columbian use of the sampled tree species using an original ethnobotanical database of the Guiana Shield region. Aboveground biomass (320 and 380 T.ha-1 respectively), basal area (25-30 and 30-35 m2.ha-1 respectively) and tree density (550 and 700 stem.ha-1 respectively) were all significantly lower on anthropized plots (As) than on non-anthropized plots (NAs). Ancient human presence shaped the species composition of the sampled forests with Arecaceae, Burseraceae and Lauraceae, significantly more frequent in As and Annonaceae and Lecythidaceae more frequent in NAs. While alpha diversity was not different between As and NAs, the presence of pre-Columbian sites enhances significantly the forest beta diversity at the landscape level. Finally, trees with edible fruits are positively associated with pre-Columbian sites while trees used for construction or for their bark are negatively associated with pre-Columbian sites. Half a millennium after their abandonment, former occupied places from the inner Guiana Shield still bear noticeable differences with non-anthropized places. Considering the lack of data concerning archeology of terra firme Amazonian forests, our results suggest that pre-Columbian influences on the structure (lower current biomass), diversity (higher beta diversity) and composition (linked to the past human tree uses) of current Amazonian forests might be more important than previously thought.

Tropical forests are a key component of the global carbon cycle. Yet, there are still high uncertainties in forest carbon stock and flux estimates, notably because of their spatial and temporal variability across the tropics. Several upcoming spaceborne missions have been designed to address this gap. High-quality ground data are essential for accurate calibration/validation so that spaceborne biomass missions can reach their full potential in reducing uncertainties regarding forest carbon stocks and fluxes. The BIOMASS mission, a P-band SAR satellite from the European Space Agency (ESA), aims at improving carbon stock mapping and reducing uncertainty in the carbon fluxes from deforestation, forest degradation, and regrowth. In situ activities in support of the BIOMASS mission were carried out in French Guiana and Gabon during the TropiSAR and AfriSAR campaigns. During these campaigns, airborne P-band SAR, forest inventory, and lidar data were collected over six study sites. This paper describes the methods used for forest inventory and lidar data collection and analysis, and presents resulting plot estimates and aboveground biomass maps. These reference datasets along with intermediate products (e.g., canopy height models) can be accessed through ESA's Forest Observation System and the Dryad data repository and will be useful for BIOMASS but also to other spaceborne biomass missions such as GEDI, NISAR, and Tandem-L for calibration/validation purposes. During data quality control and analysis, prospects for reducing uncertainties have been identified, and this paper finishes with a series of recommendations for future tropical forest field campaigns to better serve the remote sensing community.

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This file contain the data published in the main text of the article "Beyond species richness and biomass: impact of selective logging and silvicultural treatments on the functional composition of a neotropical forest" by Yguel et al. published in Forest ecology and management. Description of the variables are also found in the method section of the article. The meanings of the variable measured in 1984 (before the forest exploitation) and 2013 (27 years after the forest exploitation) are: TRTMT: silvicultural treatment C is the control (T0 in the article) and T1 to T3 corresponds to the silvicultural treatments with increasing exploitation intensity. LvraiZoo: Community weighted mean of seed length of zoochorous species measured in cm and on data with species level identification WvraiZoo: Community weighted mean of seed width of zoochorous species measured in cm and on data with species level identification LvernZoo: Community weighted mean of seed length of zoochorous species measured in cm and on data with vernacular identification WvernZoo: Community weighted mean of seed width of zoochorous species measured in cm and on data with vernacular identification The seed measurments are also measured for all species without the extension “Zoo” at the end of the variables. Woodensvrai: Community weighted mean of wood density of all species measured on data with species level identification. Wood density is expressed in g/cm³. Woodensvern: Community weighted mean of wood density of all species measured on data with vernacular identification. Wood density is expressed in g/cm³. Heliovrai: Community weighted mean of heliophily (affinity to light) of all species measured on data with species level identification. The measure is in percentage of Cecropia species in the ten closest individuals. Heliovern: Community weighted mean of heliophily (affinity to light) of all species measured on data with vernacular identification. The measure is in percentage of Cecropia species in the ten closest individuals. bcRichgenre: Corrected genus richness (see the method section of the article for details on measurement. The measure is in number of genus for the same sample size. agb1984cam: Above ground biomass for all species measured in 1984 in ton per hectare agb1984_comcam: Above ground biomass for commercial species in 1984 in ton per hectare

This file contain the data published in the main text of the article "Beyond species richness and biomass: impact of selective logging and silvicultural treatments on the functional composition of a neotropical forest" by Yguel et al. published in Forest ecology and management. Description of the variables are also found in the method section of the article. The meanings of the variable measured in 1984 (before the forest exploitation) and 2013 (27 years after the forest exploitation) are: TRTMT: silvicultural treatment C is the control (T0 in the article) and T1 to T3 corresponds to the silvicultural treatments with increasing exploitation intensity. LvraiZoo: Community weighted mean of seed length of zoochorous species measured in cm and on data with species level identification WvraiZoo: Community weighted mean of seed width of zoochorous species measured in cm and on data with species level identification LvernZoo: Community weighted mean of seed length of zoochorous species measured in cm and on data with vernacular identification WvernZoo: Community weighted mean of seed width of zoochorous species measured in cm and on data with vernacular identification The seed measurments are also measured for all species without the extension “Zoo” at the end of the variables. Woodensvrai: Community weighted mean of wood density of all species measured on data with species level identification. Wood density is expressed in g/cm³. Woodensvern: Community weighted mean of wood density of all species measured on data with vernacular identification. Wood density is expressed in g/cm³. Heliovrai: Community weighted mean of heliophily (affinity to light) of all species measured on data with species level identification. The measure is in percentage of Cecropia species in the ten closest individuals. Heliovern: Community weighted mean of heliophily (affinity to light) of all species measured on data with vernacular identification. The measure is in percentage of Cecropia species in the ten closest individuals. bcRichgenre: Corrected genus richness (see the method section of the article for details on measurement. The measure is in number of genus for the same sample size. agb1984cam: Above ground biomass for all species measured in 1984 in ton per hectare agb1984_comcam: Above ground biomass for commercial species in 1984 in ton per hectare

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Inter-annual monthly mean values of the enhanced vegetation index (EVI) over the Amazon forest obtained by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor, on board the Terra and Aqua satellites (EOS AM, NASA); processed with multiangle implementation of atmospheric correction algorithm (MAIAC) and filtered using the Fourier Transform (FT) to keep only the annual and bis-annual frequencies that compose the EVI signal.The image is a .tif with 12 bands corresponding to the month of the year (first is january)