This dataset contains ground-based radiometer observations from the University of Manitoba Surface Based Radiometer (UoM SBR) at 19, 37 and 89 GHz taken during Leg 1 to Leg 5 of the MOSAiC campaign (October 2019 - September 2020). Included are I) calibrated brightness temperatures, II) quality controlled calibrated brightness temperatures, resampled to 1 minute temporal resolution. Details about the data format, usage and the instrument can be found in the file Data_manual.pdf.

This dataset contains ground-based radiometer observations from the University of Manitoba Surface Based Radiometer (UoM SBR) at 19, 37 and 89 GHz taken during Leg 1 to Leg 5 of the MOSAiC campaign (October 2019 - September 2020). Included are the raw observations and quick-look, uncalibrated quick-look brightness temperatures. In addition, images, automatically taken from a camera mounted on the instrument are provided. Details about the data format, usage and the instrument can be found in the file Data_manual.pdf.

Surface temperature maps, gridded in 1 m resolution, are provided for 35 flights between 02.10.2019 and 23.04.2020 during the MOSAiC expedition. There is one file for every flight. The flights can be identified by the event-related Device Operation label or Flight ID. The surface temperature maps are an advanced data product based on the surface temperature images from each flight. The images are gridded to an equidistant grid. These gridded surface temperatures are available for a quick look in png format as another data type of this data set. The surface temperature is derived from the measured brightness temperature with a constant emissivity of 0.996. Additionally, the time-fixed surface temperature is included, which is corrected by the temporal temperature drift during each flight. All data are ice drift corrected and georeferenced, and provided with longitude and latitude coordinates as well as relative coordinates referenced to the position of RV Polarstern.

The surface temperature maps are provided for 35 flights between 02.10.2019 and 23.04.2020 during the MOSAiC expedition. There is one file for every flight. The flights can be identified by the event-related Device Operation label or Flight ID. Surface temperature maps are an advanced data product based on the surface temperature images from each flight. The maps are gridded to an equidistant grid. These displayed maps give a quick overview of the processed data, which are available in NetCDF format as another data type of this data set. The surface temperature is derived from the measured brightness temperature with a constant emissivity of 0.996. Additionally, the time-fixed surface temperature is shown, which is corrected by the temporal temperature drift during each flight. The data are displayed in relative coordinates referenced to the position of RV Polarstern.

Surface temperature maps, gridded in 1 m resolution, are provided for 35 flights between 02.10.2019 and 23.04.2020 during the MOSAiC expedition. There is one file for every flight. The flights can be identified by the event-related Device Operation label or Flight ID. The surface temperature maps are an advanced data product based on the surface temperature images from each flight. The images are gridded to an equidistant grid. The 5 m resolution data are included to provide data with a smaller file size so they are easier accessible and available for comparison of the effect of a different spatial resolution. These gridded surface temperatures are available for a quick look in png format as another data type of this data set. The surface temperature is derived from the measured brightness temperature with a constant emissivity of 0.996. Additionally, the time-fixed surface temperature is included, which is corrected by the temporal temperature drift during each flight. All data are ice drift corrected and georeferenced, and provided with longitude and latitude coordinates as well as relative coordinates referenced to the position of RV Polarstern.

This data set includes a series of surface temperature images for each of the 35 flights, which were performed between 02.10.2019 and 23.04.2020 during the MOSAiC expedition. There is one file for every flight. The flights can be identified by the event-related Device Operation label or Flight ID. The images have a temporal resolution of 1 Hz. The spatial resolution depends on the flight altitude and the incidence angle of the camera and can be tens of centimeters for the highest spatial resolution. The surface temperature is derived from the measured brightness temperature with a constant emissivity of 0.996. All data are ice drift corrected and georeferenced as well as provided with longitude and latitude coordinates. In addition, the position data of the helicopter as well as image corrections are included.

The infrared camera (7.5–14 µm) was mostly observing the snow surface and aligned instruments at the remote sensing site during the MOSAiC expedition in the central Arctic, saving data in the proprietary IRB format in 10 minute intervals. The instrument used was the Infrared VarioCAM HDx head 625 S camera from InfraTec. Between October to March it was mostly working continuously while the data from April to September is more sparse. Occasional transects (remote sensing transects) and experiments were recorded in higher acquisition rates. Over the course of the expedition, the camera had several remote sensing instruments and the snow and ice surface in the field of view and can be used as a supportive dataset about the temperature and for events at the remote sensing site. It was operated always in conjunction with a visual camera (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.939362), pointing at the same target.This raw data comes in the proprietary IRB format to open with the IRBIS 3.1 software from the InfraTec company.

Surface temperature maps, gridded in 1 m resolution, are provided for 35 flights between 02.10.2019 and 23.04.2020 during the MOSAiC expedition. There is one file for every flight. The flights can be identified by the event-related Device Operation label or Flight ID. The surface temperature maps are an advanced data product based on the surface temperature images from each flight. The images are gridded to an equidistant grid. The 5 m resolution data are included to provide data with a smaller file size so they are easier accessible and available for comparison of the effect of a different spatial resolution. These gridded surface temperatures are available for a quick look in png format as another data type of this data set. The surface temperature is derived from the measured brightness temperature with a constant emissivity of 0.996. Additionally, the time-fixed surface temperature is included, which is corrected by the temporal temperature drift during each flight. All data are ice drift corrected and georeferenced, and provided with longitude and latitude coordinates as well as relative coordinates referenced to the position of RV Polarstern.

Surface temperature maps, gridded in 1 m resolution, are provided for 35 flights between 02.10.2019 and 23.04.2020 during the MOSAiC expedition. There is one file for every flight. The flights can be identified by the event-related Device Operation label or Flight ID. The surface temperature maps are an advanced data product based on the surface temperature images from each flight. The images are gridded to an equidistant grid. These gridded surface temperatures are available for a quick look in png format as another data type of this data set. The surface temperature is derived from the measured brightness temperature with a constant emissivity of 0.996. Additionally, the time-fixed surface temperature is included, which is corrected by the temporal temperature drift during each flight. All data are ice drift corrected and georeferenced, and provided with longitude and latitude coordinates as well as relative coordinates referenced to the position of RV Polarstern.

Leads (open water and thin ice) were classified in helicopter-borne thermal infrared observations. Lead classification maps, gridded in 1 m resolution, are provided for 35 flights between 02.10.2019 and 23.04.2020 during the MOSAiC expedition in the Arctic ocean. There is one file for every flight, either on a local (MOSAiC central observatory) or regional scale (MOSAiC distributed network). The flights can be identified by two campaign specific IDs (the event-related Device Operation label or Flight ID). The lead classification maps are derived from the surface temperature maps (doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.941017) as described in Thielke et al (in preparation). The 5 m resolution data (based on block averaged surface temperature) are included to provide data with a smaller file size so they are easier accessible and available for the comparison of the effect of different spatial resolutions. The binary lead classification is performed with a temperature threshold. In this data set, in addition to the lead classification maps, also the surface temperature and time-fixed surface temperature maps are included (the same data as included in the temperature maps: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.941017). This time-fixed surface temperature is necessary to perform the classification and included for direct comparison to the lead classification result. All data are georeferenced, also as relative coordinates to the position of RV Polarstern which allows a Polarstern centered, Lagrangian view on the lead development.