This experiment was conducted to determine the relation between gender and note taking preference. 16 subjects within the Biol 2050 laboratory section # 8 were interviewed for the purpose of this experiment. The independent variable for this experiment is the gender of the subject and was determined by the group members through observation. The two genders recorded were Male and Female. The dependent variable for this experiment is the subject's note taking preference. The subjects were presented with two choices for note taking preference, laptop or paper. This data was collected by the group members by interviewing the subjects. Experiment conducted on Wednesday September 16th between 3:15 pm and 3:30 pm Location: Lumbers Building Room 117 Sample Size: 16 Group Members: Chris, Alana, Murtuza

This experiement was conducted to discover the different species of vegetation covering the grasslands portion of the Danby woods at York University. The experiement was conducted on Monday September 21st, from 2:30 pm to 5:30 pm. The climate was favorable for the experiment; sunny with periods of wind. Working alongside Abera Chelva, the lead experimenter, Phaeba Wilson Mathews travelled through the west end of the Danby Woods, in close proximity to the York Blvd Lot to collect 25 randomly placed quadrat samples. Beginning at the starting point, arbitrarily marked as X, the experimenters used the randomly generated numbers from the website, www.random.org to place the quadrats and collect the required samples. The experimenters travelled in directions associated with the YorkU campus map compass (http://maps.info.yorku.ca/files/2013/02/KEELE_Map_Colour.pdf). For each quadrat sample, the total abundance of plants, total number of different species, total cover of all vegetation, and total cover of grasses was recorded. The total abundance of plants is recorded as an integer value and was recorded through a quick scanning of the specified quadrat area. The total number of different species, also recorded as an integer, was collected through careful examination of the area. The different species recorded are as follows: Buroak (Bu) Beb Willow (Be) Chokecherry (Ch) Staghorn (St) Big Tooth Asper (BT) White Oak (W) Beech (Bc) Blackcherry (BCh)and Acorns (A). Consistency was maintained through the sample collection, so as to ensure all incorrectly identified species was still accounted for. The total cover of all vegetation was recorded as a percentage and was determined by observing the visual layout of the quadrat area. The determined percentage for total cover was recorded at the discretion of the lead experimenter, and not based on any specific calculations, only observation. The total cover of all grasses was also recorded as a percentage and followed the same procedure as the total cover of all vegetation.

This experiement was conducted to discover the different species of vegetation covering the grasslands portion of the Danby woods at York University. The experiement was conducted on Monday September 21st, from 2:30 pm to 5:30 pm. The climate was favorable for the experiment; sunny with periods of wind. Working alongside Abera Chelva, the lead experimenter, Phaeba Wilson Mathews travelled through the west end of the Danby Woods, in close proximity to the York Blvd Lot to collect 25 randomly placed quadrat samples. Beginning at the starting point, arbitrarily marked as X, the experimenters used the randomly generated numbers from the website, www.random.org to place the quadrats and collect the required samples. The experimenters travelled in directions associated with the YorkU campus map compass (http://maps.info.yorku.ca/files/2013/02/KEELE_Map_Colour.pdf). For each quadrat sample, the total abundance of plants, total number of different species, total cover of all vegetation, and total cover of grasses was recorded. The total abundance of plants is recorded as an integer value and was recorded through a quick scanning of the specified quadrat area. The total number of different species, also recorded as an integer, was collected through careful examination of the area. The different species recorded are as follows: Buroak (Bu) Beb Willow (Be) Chokecherry (Ch) Staghorn (St) Big Tooth Asper (BT) White Oak (W) Beech (Bc) Blackcherry (BCh)and Acorns (A). Consistency was maintained through the sample collection, so as to ensure all incorrectly identified species was still accounted for. The total cover of all vegetation was recorded as a percentage and was determined by observing the visual layout of the quadrat area. The determined percentage for total cover was recorded at the discretion of the lead experimenter, and not based on any specific calculations, only observation. The total cover of all grasses was also recorded as a percentage and followed the same procedure as the total cover of all vegetation.

The sweep net experiment using transects was conducted on a sunny but breezy Wednesday afternoon (September 30th at 2:30 pm) in the mowed and unmowed areas of the Danby grasslands. The purpose of this experiment was to lay out 20 transects of 30 meters each and collect data on the total number of insects found within the length, as well as the number of unique species found (RTU - recognizable taxonomical unit). 10 transects were randomly placed in the mowed parts of the grasslands (GL), closer to the Chimneystack road and 10 transects were randomly placed in the unmowed parts of the grasslands (GL). The randomization of the transect placement was determined by flying a yellow colored plate and observing where it lands. Wherever the plate landed, that is where the next transect data was collected. The abundance and RTUs for the experiment were collected through careful observation of the net after each sweep and were recorded as integers. Sweeps were carried out for 15 counts. After each 15 count sweep, the net was analyzed for insects. The unique species collected during the experiment were leaf hoppers, grasshoppers, ants, flies, beetles, mosquitoes and an unidentifiable green insect. There were many instances throughout the experiment when spiders and snails were found, however since these organisms are not classifed as insects, the number was not included in the official count for insects. Group members: Alana, Murtuza, Chris

The purpose of this individual experiment is to determine the health of the goldenrod species within wetlands and drylands. The wetland component of this experiment was conducted on Wednesday October 14th at 2:30 pm at the Stong pond on a sunny but cool afternoon. The dryland component was conducted on Wednesday October 21st at 2:30 pm at the York blvd woodlot on a cold afternoon. The health of the goldenrod species was tested using four health proxies, width of the plant's stem, height of the plant, colour of the leaves, and the number of buds and/or branches. In order to collect the appropriate data, transect instruments were used for the experiment. Transects were placed at random and with quite some distance between each of the measurements. Approximately 5 to 6 transects were collected for each of the two locations, and the length of the transect depended upon whether at least 20 goldenrod individuals were recorded. The width of the stem was recorded by placing the measuring tape horizontally from one edge of the stalk to the other and the width was recorded in milimeters. The height of the plant was recorded by placing the measuring tape vertically from the base of the plant to the tip. The other partner would aid the measurement by holding drooping goldenrod invidiuals straight to obtain an appropriate height measurement. The colour of the leaves was analyzed from the bottom to the top, following a range of natural green to yellow to brown. The curl of the leaves was also recorded. The colour of the leaves is a subjective measurement and is at the discretion of the partner who measured the individual. The most abundant leaf colour was the colour recorded first in the data set. To add to the colour of the leaves, the percentage of colour was also recorded. This measurement is also subjective and is at the discretion of the partner who measured the plant. The percentage for the most abundant leaf colour was recorded in the data set. The percentage for the other colours was not recorded. The number of buds or branches for the plant is also a subjective measurement. Any plant with a bud that shows a visible potential of flowering into a classic goldenrod appearance was counted and recorded. In order to specifically locate an indiviudal on a transect measurement, the distance from the point marked 0 meters to the location of the goldenrod individual was recorded. This number is recorded as the transect distance.

This experiment was conducted to determine the relation between gender and note taking preference. 16 subjects within the Biol 2050 laboratory section # 8 were interviewed for the purpose of this experiment. The independent variable for this experiment is the gender of the subject and was determined by the group members through observation. The two genders recorded were Male and Female. The dependent variable for this experiment is the subject's note taking preference. The subjects were presented with two choices for note taking preference, laptop or paper. This data was collected by the group members by interviewing the subjects. Experiment conducted on Wednesday September 16th between 3:15 pm and 3:30 pm Location: Lumbers Building Room 117 Sample Size: 16 Group Members: Chris, Alana, Murtuza

This experiement was conducted to discover the different species of vegetation covering the grasslands portion of the Danby woods at York University. The experiement was conducted on Monday September 21st, from 2:30 pm to 5:30 pm. The climate was favorable for the experiment; sunny with periods of wind. Working alongside Abera Chelva, the lead experimenter, Phaeba Wilson Mathews travelled through the west end of the Danby Woods, in close proximity to the York Blvd Lot to collect 25 randomly placed quadrat samples. Beginning at the starting point, arbitrarily marked as X, the experimenters used the randomly generated numbers from the website, www.random.org to place the quadrats and collect the required samples. The experimenters travelled in directions associated with the YorkU campus map compass (http://maps.info.yorku.ca/files/2013/02/KEELE_Map_Colour.pdf). For each quadrat sample, the total abundance of plants, total number of different species, total cover of all vegetation, and total cover of grasses was recorded. The total abundance of plants is recorded as an integer value and was recorded through a quick scanning of the specified quadrat area. The total number of different species, also recorded as an integer, was collected through careful examination of the area. The different species recorded are as follows: Buroak (Bu) Beb Willow (Be) Chokecherry (Ch) Staghorn (St) Big Tooth Asper (BT) White Oak (W) Beech (Bc) Blackcherry (BCh)and Acorns (A). Consistency was maintained through the sample collection, so as to ensure all incorrectly identified species was still accounted for. The total cover of all vegetation was recorded as a percentage and was determined by observing the visual layout of the quadrat area. The determined percentage for total cover was recorded at the discretion of the lead experimenter, and not based on any specific calculations, only observation. The total cover of all grasses was also recorded as a percentage and followed the same procedure as the total cover of all vegetation.

This experiement was conducted to discover the different species of vegetation covering the grasslands portion of the Danby woods at York University. The experiement was conducted on Monday September 21st, from 2:30 pm to 5:30 pm. The climate was favorable for the experiment; sunny with periods of wind. Working alongside Abera Chelva, the lead experimenter, Phaeba Wilson Mathews travelled through the west end of the Danby Woods, in close proximity to the York Blvd Lot to collect 25 randomly placed quadrat samples. Beginning at the starting point, arbitrarily marked as X, the experimenters used the randomly generated numbers from the website, www.random.org to place the quadrats and collect the required samples. The experimenters travelled in directions associated with the YorkU campus map compass (http://maps.info.yorku.ca/files/2013/02/KEELE_Map_Colour.pdf). For each quadrat sample, the total abundance of plants, total number of different species, total cover of all vegetation, and total cover of grasses was recorded. The total abundance of plants is recorded as an integer value and was recorded through a quick scanning of the specified quadrat area. The total number of different species, also recorded as an integer, was collected through careful examination of the area. The different species recorded are as follows: Buroak (Bu) Beb Willow (Be) Chokecherry (Ch) Staghorn (St) Big Tooth Asper (BT) White Oak (W) Beech (Bc) Blackcherry (BCh)and Acorns (A). Consistency was maintained through the sample collection, so as to ensure all incorrectly identified species was still accounted for. The total cover of all vegetation was recorded as a percentage and was determined by observing the visual layout of the quadrat area. The determined percentage for total cover was recorded at the discretion of the lead experimenter, and not based on any specific calculations, only observation. The total cover of all grasses was also recorded as a percentage and followed the same procedure as the total cover of all vegetation.

The sweep net experiment using transects was conducted on a sunny but breezy Wednesday afternoon (September 30th at 2:30 pm) in the mowed and unmowed areas of the Danby grasslands. The purpose of this experiment was to lay out 20 transects of 30 meters each and collect data on the total number of insects found within the length, as well as the number of unique species found (RTU - recognizable taxonomical unit). 10 transects were randomly placed in the mowed parts of the grasslands (GL), closer to the Chimneystack road and 10 transects were randomly placed in the unmowed parts of the grasslands (GL). The randomization of the transect placement was determined by flying a yellow colored plate and observing where it lands. Wherever the plate landed, that is where the next transect data was collected. The abundance and RTUs for the experiment were collected through careful observation of the net after each sweep and were recorded as integers. Sweeps were carried out for 15 counts. After each 15 count sweep, the net was analyzed for insects. The unique species collected during the experiment were leaf hoppers, grasshoppers, ants, flies, beetles, mosquitoes and an unidentifiable green insect. There were many instances throughout the experiment when spiders and snails were found, however since these organisms are not classifed as insects, the number was not included in the official count for insects. Group members: Alana, Murtuza, Chris

The purpose of this individual experiment is to determine the health of the goldenrod species within wetlands and drylands. The wetland component of this experiment was conducted on Wednesday October 14th at 2:30 pm at the Stong pond on a sunny but cool afternoon. The dryland component was conducted on Wednesday October 21st at 2:30 pm at the York blvd woodlot on a cold afternoon. The health of the goldenrod species was tested using four health proxies, width of the plant's stem, height of the plant, colour of the leaves, and the number of buds and/or branches. In order to collect the appropriate data, transect instruments were used for the experiment. Transects were placed at random and with quite some distance between each of the measurements. Approximately 5 to 6 transects were collected for each of the two locations, and the length of the transect depended upon whether at least 20 goldenrod individuals were recorded. The width of the stem was recorded by placing the measuring tape horizontally from one edge of the stalk to the other and the width was recorded in milimeters. The height of the plant was recorded by placing the measuring tape vertically from the base of the plant to the tip. The other partner would aid the measurement by holding drooping goldenrod invidiuals straight to obtain an appropriate height measurement. The colour of the leaves was analyzed from the bottom to the top, following a range of natural green to yellow to brown. The curl of the leaves was also recorded. The colour of the leaves is a subjective measurement and is at the discretion of the partner who measured the individual. The most abundant leaf colour was the colour recorded first in the data set. To add to the colour of the leaves, the percentage of colour was also recorded. This measurement is also subjective and is at the discretion of the partner who measured the plant. The percentage for the most abundant leaf colour was recorded in the data set. The percentage for the other colours was not recorded. The number of buds or branches for the plant is also a subjective measurement. Any plant with a bud that shows a visible potential of flowering into a classic goldenrod appearance was counted and recorded. In order to specifically locate an indiviudal on a transect measurement, the distance from the point marked 0 meters to the location of the goldenrod individual was recorded. This number is recorded as the transect distance.