This dataset describes the abundance of phytoplankton community structures in Port Dickson and Pulau Tinggi, Malaysia during the Southwest and Northeast Monsoons and includes data from 48 selected sampling sites. Sampling activity in Pulau Tinggi was conducted in August 2023 (station PT1 – PT10). Meanwhile, sampling activities at Port Dickson have been done during the Southwest (SW) monsoon (station S1 - S21) and Northwest (NW) monsoon (station S22 – S38). The sampling activities have been done during low to moderate wind speeds (0.11 to 6.07 m/s). The seawater samples from 1-meter depth were obtained by using a Niskin water sampler, concentrated in a 50 mL centrifuge tube and immediately preserved with Lugol’s iodine solution. The data include phytoplankton density (cell L−1), the total density of phytoplankton in each station, and the total number of genera obtained in every station. The dataset presents data on 30 genera, including unidentified genera, as well as the percentage of the main community group. Data can serve as a point of reference for the analysis of phytoplankton variability in the coastal area and continental shelf of Peninsular Malaysia. Data can be used to explain the potential sources of surface-active substances and biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions from the surface ocean. A comparative study of the phytoplankton population in Port Dickson and Pulau Tinggi can be conducted from these datasets.

This dataset describes the abundance of phytoplankton community structures in Port Dickson and Pulau Tinggi, Malaysia during the Southwest and Northeast Monsoons and includes data from 48 selected sampling sites. Sampling activity in Pulau Tinggi was conducted in August 2023 (station PT1 – PT10). Meanwhile, sampling activities at Port Dickson have been done during the Southwest (SW) monsoon (station S1 - S21) and Northwest (NW) monsoon (station S22 – S38). The sampling activities have been done during low to moderate wind speeds (0.11 to 6.07 m/s). The seawater samples from 1-meter depth were obtained by using a Niskin water sampler, concentrated in a 50 mL centrifuge tube and immediately preserved with Lugol’s iodine solution. The data include phytoplankton density (cell L−1), the total density of phytoplankton in each station, and the total number of genera obtained in every station. The dataset presents data on 30 genera, including unidentified genera, as well as the percentage of the main community group. Data can serve as a point of reference for the analysis of phytoplankton variability in the coastal area and continental shelf of Peninsular Malaysia. Data can be used to explain the potential sources of surface-active substances and biogenic volatile organic compounds emissions from the surface ocean. A comparative study of the phytoplankton population in Port Dickson and Pulau Tinggi can be conducted from these datasets.

This article describes the abundance of phytoplankton community structures in Port Dickson and Pulau Tinggi during the Southwest and Northeast monsoons and includes data from 48 selected sampling sites collected between July and December 2023. The data include phytoplankton density (cell L−1), the total density of phytoplankton in each station and the total number of genera obtained in every station. Additional data are presented, including chlorophyll-a content, as a proxy for biomass and photosynthetic active radiation. This article presents data on 30 genera, including unidentified genera, as well as the percentage of the main community group.

Multiparameter measurement of biochemical properties of the sea surface microlayer (SML) and underlying water (ULW) at 1-meter depth during cruise HE491 onboard RV Heincke. The data is part of PassMe project funded by the European Research Council (ERC) grant number GA336408.

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This paper describes the quantification of extracellular carbonic anhydrase (eCA) concentrations in the sea surface microlayer (SML), the boundary layer between the ocean and the atmosphere of the Indo‐West Pacific. We demonstrated that the SML is enriched with eCA by 1.5 ± 0.7 compared to the mixed underlying water. Enrichment remains up to a wind speed of 7 m/s (i.e., under typical oceanic conditions). As eCA catalyzes the interconversion of HCO3- and CO2, it has been hypothesized that its enrichment in the SML enhances the air‐sea CO2 exchange. We detected concentrations in the range of 0.12 to 0.76 nM, which can enhance the exchange by up to 15% based on the model approach described in the literature.

We developed an effective fluorometric technique to quantify extracellular carbonic anhydrase (eCA) present in natural seawater samples. The technique includes the separation of eCA from cells to achieve low detection limits through high signal : noise ratios. eCA was efficiently extracted from cell membranes by treatment with 0.1 M phosphate buffer containing 2.5 M NaCl. The free eCA specifically forms a fluorescent complex with dansylamide, and the detection limit of the complex is below 0.1 nM. We applied the technique to samples from different culture solutions and natural seawater collected from the Baltic Sea. We observed eCA concentrations to be in the range of 0.10-0.67 nM in natural seawater. The data indicated that this technique is very sensitive, accurate, and feasible for routine and shipboard measurement of eCA from natural seawater. It is therefore an effective and rapid tool to investigate the carbon acquisition of phytoplankton both in mono culture as well natural communities.

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Results from a study of surfactants (SAS) in the sea surface microlayer (SML) and underlying water (ULW) at different locations in the Baltic Sea. The total SAS concentrations were measured using phase-sensitive alternative current voltammetry with hanging mercury drop electrode (HMDE) in unfiltered samples. The concentrations of SAS were expressed as the equivalent concentration of nonanionic surfactants Triton-X-100. The enrichment factors (EF) of SAS were calculated as the ratio of concentration in SML to the corresponding ULW samples.