Tea is a globally consumed non-alcohol beverage with great economic importance. Lacking of the reference genome has largely hampered the utilization of the precious tea plant genetic resources towards breeding. To address this, we generated a high-quality reference genome of tea plant using Illumina and PacBio sequencing technology that totally produced 2,124 Gb (~700-fold coverage) short and 125 Gb (~41-fold) long read data, respectively. We employed a hybrid strategy to assemble the genome that has been publicly released. We here described the data framework used to generate, annotate and validate the genome assembly. Besides, we re-predicted the protein-coding genes and annotated their putative functions using more complete omics datasets and improved training models. We reassessed the assembly and annotation quality using the latest version of BUSCO. These data can be used to develop new methodologies/tools for better assembly of complex genomes, aid in finding of novel genes, variations and evolutionary clues associated with tea quality, and thus help to breed new varieties with high yields and quality in the future.

Tea is a globally consumed non-alcohol beverage with great economic importance. Lacking of the reference genome has largely hampered the utilization of the precious tea plant genetic resources towards breeding. To address this, we generated a high-quality reference genome of tea plant using Illumina and PacBio sequencing technology that totally produced 2,124 Gb (~700-fold coverage) short and 125 Gb (~41-fold) long read data, respectively. We employed a hybrid strategy to assemble the genome that has been publicly released. We here described the data framework used to generate, annotate and validate the genome assembly. Besides, we re-predicted the protein-coding genes and annotated their putative functions using more complete omics datasets and improved training models. We reassessed the assembly and annotation quality using the latest version of BUSCO. These data can be used to develop new methodologies/tools for better assembly of complex genomes, aid in finding of novel genes, variations and evolutionary clues associated with tea quality, and thus help to breed new varieties with high yields and quality in the future.

The rich factors and number of genes involved in each pathway derived from a comparison of gene expression in TBvsTL, OTBvsOTL, TBvsOTB and TL2vsOTL2. TBvsOTB stands for tea buds versus oil tea buds, TBvsTL for tea buds versus tea leaves, TLvsOTL for tea leaves versus oil tea leaves and OTBvsOTL for oil tea buds versus leaves. (XLSX 16Â kb)

Information about the genes involved in the flavonoid, theanine and caffeine biosynthesis pathways. Unigenes involved in three metabolic pathways were annotated by alignment to the Swiss-Prot, COG and KEGG databases with e-values less than 1 × 10−30. (XLSX 82 kb)

List of DEGs analyzed by qRT-PCR. A total of 34 genes involved in the flavonoid, theanine and caffeine biosynthesis pathways were analyzed by qRT-PCR. (XLSX 16Â kb)

Estimated Ka and Ks values of 625 orthologous gene pairs (Ka/Ksâ >â 1). The sequence length, nonsynonymous substitution rate (Ka), synonymous substitution rate (Ks), Ka/Ks and P-value are shown. (XLSX 51Â kb)

Estimated Ka and Ks values of 625 orthologous gene pairs (Ka/Ksâ >â 1). The sequence length, nonsynonymous substitution rate (Ka), synonymous substitution rate (Ks), Ka/Ks and P-value are shown. (XLSX 51Â kb)

Annotation of assembled unigenes of tea and oil tea. (XLSX 16149Â kb)

Information about the genes involved in the flavonoid, theanine and caffeine biosynthesis pathways. Unigenes involved in three metabolic pathways were annotated by alignment to the Swiss-Prot, COG and KEGG databases with e-values less than 1 × 10−30. (XLSX 82 kb)

The rich factors and number of genes involved in each pathway derived from a comparison of gene expression in TBvsTL, OTBvsOTL, TBvsOTB and TL2vsOTL2. TBvsOTB stands for tea buds versus oil tea buds, TBvsTL for tea buds versus tea leaves, TLvsOTL for tea leaves versus oil tea leaves and OTBvsOTL for oil tea buds versus leaves. (XLSX 16Â kb)