A smoothing photovoltaic power injection using moving average with efficient battery energy storage system

The power generation from the solar photovoltaic (PV) system has been continuously increasing due to the widely spread concern of environmental impacts. The PV system produces the fluctuated power that highly depends on unpredictable weather conditions such as cloud movements and cloud shadows. The fluctuated generated power highly affects the existing power quality of the power system. To overcome this issue, in this study, a smoothing technique is proposed for the battery energy storage system (BESS) to compensate for the PV fluctuated power injected into the existing power system. The proposed PV system consists of a PV module connected to the DC-DC boost converter. A common DC bus connects the PV system with the BESS and injects the power into the system through a DC-AC converter. The Double Moving Average algorithm generates the average power signal. The BESS controller checks state of charge (SOC) constraints, and if the generated power from the PV is greater than the average power from DMA, the BESS will be charged without compensating the supply power. Otherwise, the BESS will compensate the generated power to make it smooth. Finally, the injected power into the grid is smooth. The proposed scheme is implemented and simulated by using MATLAB. This study also compares the proposed scheme to the other existing techniques and indicates that the proposed smoothing technique achieves better performance.