Ensuring the resilience of multi-unit residential buildings (MURBs): a building information modeling (BIM)-based evaluation approach

Residential infrastructure, particularly multi-unit residential buildings (MURBs), lacks sufficient attention to resilience. This oversight is attributed to the absence of specific guidelines for assessing MURBs’ resilience, with existing literature primarily concentrating on singular hazards. Additionally, current frameworks for resilience evaluation necessitate manual interpretation, leading to time and cost inefficiencies and potential human errors. The present study, therefore, developed a comprehensive framework and an automatic rule-based checking system on MURB resilience that can be utilized as a decision support system for practitioners. A literature review revealed 44 resilience indicators, categorized into four based on the general characteristics, i.e., technical, organizational, geographical positioning, and economic. The resilience indicators were benchmarked and defined as a building information modeling (BIM) ruleset. A case study was conducted to demonstrate the execution of the developed BIM ruleset using a MURB design. The proposed framework and rule-based checking system help ensure that MURBs comply with resilience requirements.