Validation and Reliability of the Turkish Adaptation of the Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale (AILS) for Healthcare Professionals

Artificial intelligence (AI) literacy is the ability to understand, use, monitor, and critically evaluate AI applications without needing to create AI models. As many professionals outside technical fields frequently engage with AI, this literacy is essential. This study evaluates the validity and reliability of the Turkish adaptation of the Artificial Intelligence Literacy Scale (AILS) to measure AI literacy among healthcare professionals in Türkiye. The study included 210 healthcare professionals—physicians, dentists, nurses, and midwives—aged 18 and older. AILS is a seven-point Likert scale with 12 items divided into four factors: “awareness,” “usage,” “evaluation,” and “ethics.” Cronbach’s alpha indicated good internal consistency for the scale, with a coefficient of 0.85. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) showed satisfactory fit indices: χ²/df = 1.665, Comparative Fit Index = 0.968, Goodness of Fit Index = 0.944, Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.955, Standardized Root Mean Square Residual = 0.040, and Root Mean Square Error Estimate = 0.056. The 12-item, 4-factor AILS shows a strong fit and robust structure for the sample data. Our study validates the Turkish version of the AILS as a reliable tool for assessing artificial intelligence literacy among Turkish healthcare professionals.