Bounding the costs of electric vehicle managed charging—supply curves for scenarios from 2025 to 2050

OverviewAs electric vehicle (EV) adoption increases, the resulting EV battery charging will increase demand on the electric power grid. Through EV managed charging (EVMC) programs, charging can be shifted in time to support electric grid reliability and reduce electricity costs. EVMC can offer an alternative to additional supply-side generation, but the costs of EVMC implementation must be understood to evaluate the cost-benefits of EVMC. This paper presents bottom-up, forward-looking (from 2025 through 2050) estimates of the incremental costs associated with different EVMC dispatch mechanisms available to electric utilities. The costs of enabling EVMC for a range of customer participation levels are presented in the form of supply curves, which provide per-EV costs for a targeted level of participation. The largest drivers of cost variation are assumptions about future charging flexibility paradigms described in four scenarios. These supply curves can be used to quantify the expected costs of EVMC programs and enable comparison with supply-side or other demand flexibility alternatives.Data DescriptionThis dataset was produced using the methodology described in "Bounding the costs of electric vehicle managed charging—supply curves for scenarios from 2025 to 2050."Data files include:scenario_vars.csv contains costs and other supply curve parameters (upper limits of participation, enrollment response to a given incentive, and ratio of customers expected to require a new charger).costs_table_1_pct.csv is a table of per EV costs for all years ($ per vehicle in 2025 dollars), vehicle types, and programs at 1% increments of customer participation.betas_table.csv is a table of beta values, or values that determine the customer participation rate as a function of incentives. This function is a decaying exponential response of the form r*(1-e^(-beta*x)) where x is the annual incentive value in USD/vehicle-year and r is a maximum participation rate.The first file is essential to generating EVMC supply curves, while the last two tables are provided for users who would like the supply curve data without needing to install or run code.