Dataset for 'A typology of scientific breakthroughs'

Dataset of scientific breakthroughs as identified by Science Magazine's Breakthrough of the Year 1999 - 2012. We used the DOI of each article to collect data from Web of Science: (1) publication date; (2) publication source; (3) citation report consisting of the number of citations per year for ten years, or as many years as possible for articles published after 2008; (4) number of authors. The variables question, new, anomalies, applied and basic are coded by means of the article's full text, as described in the paper. This data was collected in April-May 2018. WoS queries ran on April 24 and 25 2018.